Icons and them. Secret signs: deciphering symbols on clothing labels. Symbolism of the animal kingdom

Emblems are very different. At the moment, there are a huge number of them in the world. They will identify the quality of products manufactured by a particular manufacturer. Not every motorist will determine the brand of the car only by the badge.

The image of the sign has . The process of formation of any of them took a very long time, because not every automobile enterprise immediately began to produce vehicles. Therefore, icons, like cars, have been constantly improved. At the same time, the roots of both are “buried” deep into the last century.

It should be noted that there are as many emblems in the world as there are car brands. All brands of cars in the world cannot be listed and counted. There is no exact answer to this question in any source. Some car enthusiasts have more than 2000 pieces, while others have about 1300. But this is unofficial information. Many brands are produced within the same country, so not all people know about their existence.

To date, no one will answer the question of exactly how many car brands are registered. At the same time, there are more than 60 of the most famous of them.

In the article you will find answers to questions about how the car brand was formed and what its emblem means.

Famous vehicle icons - the main car emblems of the world

Here is a list of emblems:

Acura. The emblem resembles a caliper. The simplicity of the drawing is due to the fact that at the time of the creation of the brand in the United States it was quite difficult to register a new trademark. The official logo register contained many similar trademarks.
Alfa Romeo. The logo consists of two borrowed parts: a red cross on a white background and a snake devouring a person. The first element has long been present on the coat of arms of the city of Milan. The second is an exact copy of the coat of arms of the Visconti dynasty.
Aston Martin. The original version of the logo was an intertwining letters A and M. The wings identify the speed inherent in the produced cars. They appeared on the logo only in 1927, they were borrowed from. A year later, it was decided to give them a fashionable outline.
In 1947, the logo was supplemented with the name of the then owner - David Brown.
Audi. The four rings used for the logo symbolize fusion. Each of the elements represents the companies merged in 1934, such as Audi Automobil-Werke AG, Horch Automobil-Werke GmbH, Dampf Kraft Wagen and Wanderer Werke AG.
Bentley. The main element - the winged capital letter B, is the personification of strength, speed and independence.
Due to the color scheme, three types of manufactured cars are distinguished. Thus, green is the hallmark of racing models, red - sophisticated, black - more powerful vehicles.
Emblem Bentley - on the example of black
bmw. The first appearance of the company logo dates back to 1917. It featured a propeller. Since 1920, the logo has not undergone fundamental changes. It can only be noted that since 1963 a different font of the abbreviation has been used.
The main element of the logo is a black circle, the inner space of which consists of four sectors. The silvery white and sky blue colors in which they are painted are traditional for Bavaria.
Brilliance. Company presents . Given the fact that the price is affordable for consumers, the high quality of the vehicles produced should be noted. Perhaps this was the reason for calling them "diamonds".
The name of the brand speaks for itself, and the car logo, consisting of two hieroglyphs, is a written confirmation of this.
Bugatti. Connoisseurs of cars manufactured by the company know very well why the emblem is made in the form of pearls. The logo contains the surname, as well as the initials of the founder - Ettore. Sixty dots along the perimeter are nothing but pearls.
Buick. The history of the logo is rich. The current version is three framed shields. Each of them symbolizes three models, as in the 1960 version of the emblem.
BYD. It didn't take long to create the emblem. This is a kind of simplified version of the BMW logo. Color, shape, slightly distorted vision - and you're done.
Cadillac. The family coat of arms of the de La Mothe family is used as an emblem. In 1901, the industrial city of Detroit was formed on the territory of the then Fort Ville d'Etroit.
Caterham. Caterham Car Sales was a Lotus dealer. In the early 70s. Graham Nirn, who headed the company by that time, bought the rights to produce Seven cars. After that, the sports car changed its name to Caterham Super Seven. If you look closely, you can see elements similar to the Lotus emblem. As for the magic number 7, it was present on the company logo for a long time, involuntarily reminding of the model of the same name.
Since 2011, there has been some structuring. The version of the emblem presented in January 2014 can be considered a confirmation of this. It is clearly different from the usual Super Seven. The green color remains unchanged, which now outlines the outlines of the flag of Great Britain.
Chery. Chery Automobile Corporation places a logo on its vehicles, the outlines of which resemble the abbreviation of the company name. Among other things, the emblem symbolizes hands, which are characterized by strength and unity.
Chevrolet. Louis Joseph Chevrolet is a famous racing driver and mechanic. His performance at the 1905 Vanderbilt Cup caught the attention of the owner of General Motors. In 1911, Louis Joseph was asked to name the produced cars after him.
The bow tie emblem symbolizes the success of the famous racing driver.
There is an opinion that the emblem of the company was nothing more than a picture on the wallpaper, which William Derant, its owner, drew attention to while staying in one of the hotels in France. The second version, which was told by his wife, says that a similar logo attracted the attention of her husband at the time of the next turning of the pages of the newspaper.
Chrysler. Walter Percy Chrysler, a former vice president of GM, was born into the family of a railroad engineer. He dreamed of producing his own cars, based on experience and striving for excellence. In 1924, his thoughts began to materialize through the reorganization process of the two companies. Four years later, their list is replenished by Dodge, and later by Lamborghini with American Motors Corporation.
Since 2014, the company has been a semi-independent division of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, producing passenger cars and minivans.
The modern version of the emblem has similar features with the Aston Martin badge and symbolizes speed, speed.
Citroën. The emblem is a double chevron consisting of V-shaped badges. It was very often used in heraldry. In the case of the Citroën emblem, this is linked to the start of André's career. And it began in the workshops of the Esten brothers, who produced spare parts for steam locomotives. In 1905, he becomes their partner and organizes the production of gears (gears). Gradually, the company becomes a manufacturer of auto parts, and then launched its own conveyor.
Dacia. That was the name of the territory of modern Romania. The ancient Romans called it Dacia, in honor of the Dacian tribe that lived here. The car factory is located in the city of Pitesti.
Given the connection with the tribe, whose totem animals are wolf and dragon, it is not surprising that the original version of the emblem resembles dragon scales. In addition, it is worth noting the scaly armor characteristic of their warriors.
In 2008, visitors to the Geneva Motor Show were the first to see the new Dacia emblem. The logo, upon closer examination, resembles the letter "D", on its straight horizontal line the full name is written in dark blue letters. The silver color of the main element indicates the status of a subsidiary of Renault.
Daewoo. The name of the company is translated as "great universe". Many sources say that a shell was chosen as an emblem. But the version with the lily is more plausible. If we compare the emblem of the company with the well-known Fleur-de-lis, which is heraldic in nature, then they are very similar. This is not surprising, because fleur d'lys is literally translated from French as "lily flower". Among other things, this flower is considered to be a symbol of purity, greatness and innocence.
Daihatsu. Since 1907, Hatsudoki Seizo Co., Ltd based at Osaka University has been manufacturing automobile engines for over 20 years.
In 1951, changes took place during which a new enterprise was formed, which was called Daihatsu. Dai i Hatsu (大 and 発) is kind of an abbreviation, as Osaka is written as 大阪, and "engine manufacturing" as 発動機製造.
As for the emblem, it is a stylized element resembling a capital letter "D" and symbolizes compactness combined with convenience. No wonder the company's slogan is the statement: "We make it compact."
Dodge. The company was founded by the Dodge brothers in 1900. They were engaged in the production of auto parts. Then it was decided to produce cars. In 1928, the company became an integral part of the Chrysler Corporation.
Initially, the company's emblem was a round-shaped medal. Two interconnected triangles, forming a six-pointed star, were located in the center. Inside it was a capital D and B, the phrase "Dodge Brothers Motor Vehicles" framing it on the outside.
The ram's head was first used in 1936. In the period 1954–1980. the element was not observed on the logo.
From 1994 to 2010, the main distinguishing element emblazoned on the emblem of the company, again becomes the head of a bighorn. Given this circumstance, it is worth noting that this is due to the inherent assertiveness and power of these animals.
Now the emblem looks unpretentious: the name of the company in combination with two red slanted lines, symbolizing the spirit of sports.
FAW. On the Russian-language website of the company, the logo is described as an abbreviation of the "First Automobile Corporation of China" (China FAW Group Corporation, short for First Automobile Works) in Chinese. Here we see an image symbolizing an eagle.
As conceived by the owners, the emblem symbolizes a corporation spreading its wings and conquering space, like an eagle.
Ferrari. The history of the emblem is closely connected with Francesco Baraka, an air ace, on whose fighter everyone's favorite horse flaunted. Enzo Ferrari, like most Italians of that time, was a fan of the great pilot of the First World War.
Seeing this element for the first time, Enzo did not pay much attention to it. This happened a little later, when Ferrari was lucky enough to meet the pilot's parents.
From July 9, 1932, a black horse flaunted on the company's cars.
The yellow background is the color of the city of Modena, and the three stripes at the top of the emblem are the national colors of Italy.
The initials SF are nothing but the acronym for Scuderia, or Ferrari Stable, a racing team that was formed in 1929.
Another interesting fact is that the prancing stallion can be seen on the coat of arms of Stuttgart.
fiat. The emblem of the Turin car factory, Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino, changed very often. But the most significant moment is considered to be 1901, when instead of the full name of the plant, they begin to use an abbreviation and a new form of edging. This is followed by a period when the shape of the emblem takes on either round or square outlines. The basis of the modern emblem is the motives of the previous ones, the period of 1931-1968. The chrome edging, the color, the features of the 1931 FIAT 524 model are the idea of rethinking the old emblem. FIAT positions itself as a dynamically developing company remembering and proud of its past.
Ford. The emblem is extremely simple - the name of the company in an oval border. This decision has become a symbol of practicality, moreover, it is easily recognizable.
FSO. Polish Fabryka Samochodow Osobowych (FSO), which translates as Car Factory. Founded in 1951.
Starting in 2010, the company launched its own production of cars under the FSO Lanos brand, since at that time the plant belonged to Daewoo.
As for the emblem, it is a combination of FSO silhouettes: the letter f, supposedly consisting of a capital S in the center of a neat outline of the letter O. Red represents passion, quality and trust.
Geely. Geely Group Co., Ltd was founded in 1986.
The initial version of the emblem is associated with the white wing of a bird or a high mountain - the blue background resembles the sky. This is how Mr. Shufu understands the word Geely, translated as "happiness".
Company brands: Geely Emgrand, Geely Gleagle (Global Eagle), Geely Englon.
GMC. General Motors Corporation was born in 1916. It all started with a truck, which was created by the Grabowski brothers. It was equipped with a horizontal engine with one cylinder.
Cars have been produced under the Rapid Motor Vehicle brand since 1902. Later, William Duran joined the brothers, and in 1908 General Motors was formed, uniting all the small auto production of Michigan together.
The emblem is simple and at the same time bold due to the color scheme: red letters framed in silver.
Great Wall. Another representative of the Chinese auto industry is the Great Wall, or the "Great Wall". The company name and logo are nothing more than the embodiment of a sense of patriotism. The emblem was a stylized battlement of the Great Wall of China.
This logo has been used since 2007, when the new production was launched. The updated emblem embodies the high-tech production, style and elegance of manufactured cars.
Hafei and Haima. Hafei, or Harbin HF Automobile Industry Group Company Ltd., was founded in 1994 and became part of the National Aviation Industry Corporation of China.
The Daewoo Tico model became the pioneer of the conveyor of the company.
The waves depicted on the company's shield-shaped emblem represent the channel of the Songhua River, next to which the city of Harbin is located. This is where the history of Hafei begins. Haima has been operating since 1988. In 1992, she was entrusted with the work of assembling Japanese licensed models.
The name of the company originated from the merger of two names: HAInan and MAzda. The first of them is Hainan Island, where one of the factories is located. And the second, as you may have guessed, is the brand of the same name with which the company has been cooperating for a long time.
The emblem looks like a symbol of cars manufactured by Mazda. Given the purpose of cars, it is not surprising that the company's emblem was a silhouette reminiscent of the image of Ahura Mazda ("Lord of Wisdom"), personifying truth, life and light. He was considered the omniscient and omnipotent God of goodness.
Honda. The founder of the company is Soichiro. The emblem is a stylized capital letter H. Simple and tasteful.
Hummer. The brand name originated from HMMWV M998 (High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle Model 998, or High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle Model 998), a high-capacity vehicle program launched in 1979.
The last car rolled off the assembly line in 2010.
Hyundai. Motor Company is the representative of South Korea. The company was founded in 1967.
The name itself can be translated as "modernity", "new time". "Handey" is pronounced by analogy with the English sunday - "Sunday".
The emblem, a stylized capital letter H, represents two people shaking hands. This is how they see friendship with customers and mutually beneficial cooperation with partners.
Infiniti. Infinity, this is what the company logo represents. Initially, it was planned to use the familiar infinity symbol. However, in the final version, the road running into the distance became the logo. It symbolizes the limitless possibilities of a car produced under this brand.
Isuzu. In 1889, Tokyo Ishikawajima Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., Ltd. was founded. It is from this moment that the countdown should begin. They were among the first to be able to use a diesel engine in the automotive industry. The idea was picked up by Tokyo Gas and Electric Industry Co., Ltd., and already in 1916 the companies started to work.
Commercial cars appeared a little later, in 1922, production was launched in conjunction with Wolseley Motor Ltd., Britain.
In 1934, the Department of Commerce of Japan for cars, then Automotive Industries Co., Ltd., assigned the name ISUZU. Later, in 1949, the company would be renamed Isuzu Motors Limited.
The name of the company was given in honor of the Isuzu River. The emblem is simple, however, it is worth noting the stylized letter I, which symbolizes growth. The color scheme is a symbol of the rising sun, as well as the warm hearts of the company's employees.
Iran Khadro. The logo of the Iranian automobile industry - a horse's head on a shield - symbolizes speed. One of the models is called Iran Khodro Samand, a swift horse means the word samand. In Russia, a brand of this car with a slightly old-fashioned design and a cozy interior was sold in 2007-2012, now deliveries have been resumed.
Jaguar. The rare jumping jaguar emblem was designed by auto artist F. Gordon Crosby. The jaguar figurine is thrown back in an accident, is currently banned in many countries and rarely goes as an accessory. British Jaguar Cars is controlled by the Volkswagen Group. It produces luxurious luxury cars and sedans with a unique stylish design, an unusually luxurious interior and a powerful engine.
Jeep. The American car brand is part of the Chrysler company. The emblem was created by the abbreviation GP (JP) - General Purpose vehicle, meaning - this is a general purpose vehicle. supplies the markets with off-road vehicles and off-road vehicles. It is an icon of men's style.
KIA. The logo is stylized letters in an oval, meaning "ki" and "a" literally mean: "Enter the world from Asia." The owner is a South Korean automotive concern that produces cars, SUVs, buses, and commercial vehicles.
Koenigsegg. A Swedish company founded by Christian von Koenigsegg in 1994. It is engaged in the production of exclusive sports cars. The origin of the Koenigsegg logo lies in the family coat of arms of the Koenigsegg family. It looks like a single field with golden diamonds.
Lamborghini. Brand of the Italian manufacturer, owned by the German automobile company Audi AG. The founder of the company, Ferruccio Lamborghini, proposed the design of a black and gold emblem: the bull in the center of the emblem is Taurus, under the sign of which he was born. All his models were named after bulls and cities famous in bullfighting. Produces expensive supercars.
Lancia. Own unique logo since 1911 has changed several times in shape and color. But the shield, steering wheel and flag on the spear remained unchanged. The inscription Lancia is made in the original font (lancia in Italian means a spear). Produced by the Italian automotive company, its controlling stake is owned by the Fiat concern. There are no official deliveries of this brand to Russia. Lancia Epsilon in Italy costs from 530 thousand rubles.
Land Rover. The brainchild of the British company Land Rover, which produces off-road vehicles. Owned by Ford Corporation. The modest logo is easily recognizable: the name of the company is on a dark green background. The coat of arms of the company itself is the bowsprit of a sailboat cutting the waves, framed by a knight's shield. In Russia there is an official dealer of the company. After-sales service has a benefits package.
Lexus. The emblem - a curved letter L, inscribed in an oval, symbolizes luxury that does not need ostentation. The word Lexus sounds nicer than luxury (luxury). It's hard to come up with a logo. Lexus, a subsidiary of Toyota, occupies the premium segment of the market for connoisseurs of luxury. It produces sedans, executive, convertibles, SUVs.
Lifan. There are three sailboats on the emblem. Lifan from Chinese hieroglyphs is translated into Russian as "To go with full sail." Under this brand, a large Chinese private company produces cars, buses, ATVs, motorcycles, scooters. In Russia, there are, of the above, only passenger cars.
Lincoln. The Lincoln emblem is a compass, the arrows of which point to all cardinal directions. The company's goal was to achieve brand recognition in all countries. Lincoln is a luxury car division of Ford Motor Corporation. Every single Lincoln is a masterpiece and reinforces the prestige of its owner.
lotus. In the monogram of the logo are the initials of the full name of Anthony Bruce Colin Chapman, the founder of this English company. Yellow and green are the colors of racing cars. Lotus Cars, which produces cars under the Lotus brand, is part of the Lotus Group. Lotus Cars produces sports cars and race cars and intends to enter into an alliance with the corporation to produce exclusive cars in small series.
Maserati. The trident of Neptune is placed on the logo. The six Maserati brothers founded their company in Bologna, where a bronze Neptune with a trident in his hand stands in Piazza Maggiore. From the coat of arms of Bologna, red and blue colors were switched to the Maserati logo. The brand has played an important role in the development of the sports car and is represented in 61 countries.
Mazda. The modern logo of the Japanese corporation - the letter M - resembles spread wings, they call it "owl", "tulip". The word Mazda was chosen in honor of the creator of the sun, moon, stars - the deity Ahura Mazda. The company supplies cars, convertibles, roadsters, minivans, pickups, SUVs to the market. It is a world-class car manufacturer.
Maybach. German company that produces luxury cars. The company was founded in 1909 by Wilhelm Maybach and his son Karl. There was a period when cars of the same model were not similar to each other, as they were created according to the wishes of the customer. The emblem of the car is two letters M of different sizes, intersecting with each other. Such a logo is not accidental - it contains the name of the company "-Manufactura".
mercedes benz. Trademark of cars, trucks, buses, luxury SUVs and other vehicles of the German concern Daimler AG. The three-pointed star on the hood recalls the brand's superiority in the ocean, at sea and on land, as its successor Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft also produced engines for aviation and marine vessels.
Mercury. Edsel Ford himself named the new brand that way. The logos depicted the mythical god Mercury, a cat. This logo appeared in the mid-80s. Its creators presented the letter M in this way. The brand belongs to the American company Ford. Until January 2011, cars of the middle price category were produced under this emblem. There are none in Russia.
MG. The MG logo corresponds to the meaning of "sports car". William Morris at the beginning of the 20th century founded the Morris Garages company, which later became known as the MG Car Company. The emblem of the British automotive company, known for the production of sports cars. The current owner is the Chinese company Nanjing Automobile. Currently produces serial passenger cars.
MINI. The emblem means economy, reasonable price, normal capacity. The subcompact car intended for the mass consumer is endowed with such features. A brand of passenger cars in the past of a British company, in the present - a subsidiary of the BMW concern. A new version of the vintage Mini Countryman was released in 2011. Mr. Bean and Madonna are MINI enthusiasts.
Mitsubishi. The property of the Japanese concern Commercial Company, which specializes in cars and trucks. Mitsubishi in Japanese means “three diamonds”, they are placed on the Iwasaki family crest and on the emblem of the concern. Since its inception, the look of the logo has never changed. Often found in Russia.
Morgan. The small English enterprise Morgan Motor Company produces sports coupes with an archaic appearance and stuffing with the latest achievements in the automotive industry. He plans to release an electric roadster in the retro style of the thirties of the XIX century. The exterior of all 2-seater cars produced without exception is exclusive and stylish. There are few such luxury cars in Russia.
Nissan. The emblem is the rising sun, the name of the brand is inscribed in it. “Sincerity that brings success” is the meaning of the emblem. The emblem is 80 years old. The oldest Japanese company is the result of a merger of many automakers. Among Russian car owners.
Noble. The name of the founder of the company, Lee Noble, who was the chief designer and head of Noble from 1996 to 2009, is on the logo. The brand is owned by an English automotive company that specializes only in high-speed sports cars. Manufacture of bodies and chassis takes place in South Africa. Assembly - at the Noble factory. The latest model Noble M600 was sold at a price of 200 thousand pounds. Jeremy Clarkson is delighted with the Noble car.
Oldsmobile. The American company produced exclusive expensive cars until 2004. With the release of the latest Bravada Jeep model, Oldsmobile production ended. For almost a hundred years, the company produced cars exclusively for the American market, their number is 35 million cars.
Opel. Emblem "Opel" - lightning in a circle - a symbol of lightning speed, speed. At first, the word “Blitz” was in the circle, which was framed by lightning, then the word was removed. The German company Adam AG is part of General Motors. It has 11 car assembly plants and sells all over the world: minivans, sedans, crossovers and hatchbacks. Opel cars are widely distributed in Russia.
Pagani. The brand of Pagani Automobili SpA, the most famous company in the Apennines, specializing in the production of Zonda supercars with the most unusual appearance of all existing models in this group. Supercar Zonda F is the most expensive and fastest car in the world. Pagani Zonda cars are easily recognizable by design, have exceptionally high-quality assembly and perfect road performance.
Peugeot. The brand's new logo - a three-dimensional updated lion without a tongue - gives the emblem a dynamism. It appeared on the hood of the Peugeot RCZ in 2010. The emblem belongs to the French automaker, which is part of PSA Peugeot Citroën, known for producing cars with a low content of harmful exhaust gas. In Russia, this brand is often found.
Plymouth. The brand was founded by Walter Chrysler in 1928. The emblem of the brand showed a stylized view of the ship moored at Plymouth Stone, on which the Pilgrim Fathers sailed. Under this brand, an independent division of Plymouth, which was part of Chrysler, produced cars and minivans until 2001. The latest Plymouth models come under the Chrysler and Dodge marques.
Pontiac. From 1990 to 2010, Pontiac cars featured two large air intakes in the grille. A bar separated them. The logo with the red arrow was used for more than 50 years and was placed at the place where the radiator was bifurcated. The brand was owned by General Motors. Since 2010, the production of cars with this brand has been discontinued.
Porsche. The logo of this brand presents: the symbol of Stuttgart - a rearing horse and the details of the coat of arms of the German state of Baden-Württemberg - deer antlers and black and red stripes. This company produces sports cars, and recently launched the production of crossovers and sedans. Cars participate in many auto competitions.
Proton. The logo has the word "Proton" and below it is a picture of a stylized tiger's head. This is the car emblem of the largest Malaysian company Proton Otomobil Nasional Berhad, which manufactures its products under license from Mitsubishi. The company plans to increase the model range due to its own developments.
Renault. The emblem of the French company, which has now created the Renault-Nissan alliance, was created by the founder of op art, Victor Vasarely. The image of a diamond on a yellow background brings optimism and prosperity. On the Renault emblem, each side of the rhombus is located on top of the other; in real life, this figure cannot exist. Thus, Renault promises the owners to realize the impossible.
Rolls Royce. With the emblem of the British brand of cars - two letters R superimposed on each other, enclosed in a rectangle, all in black - premium cars are produced. Frederick Henry Royce and Charles Stuart Rolls agreed in 1904 to name the car "Rolls-Royce". Since 1998, the company with this logo has belonged to BMW, the license for the name and emblem of RR cost the company 40 million pounds.
Saab. The SAAB logo features the same mythological bird as the family crest of the Swedish Count von Skane. The SAAB company was formed in the Swedish province of Skåne, this badge speaks about it. Now the brand of passenger cars belongs to the Sino-Japanese consortium - the National Electric Vehicle Sweden concern. Saab went bankrupt at the end of 2011, the new owners are entitled to the Saab name without the griffin head logo.
Saturn. The logo of a division of the American Saturn Corporation is the image of the planet Saturn with rings. The inscription in the logo is made in the same style as on the Saturn-V launch vehicle that carried the Americans to the moon. According to the project, in this brand of cars, plastic parts with shape-memory properties were introduced into the exterior of the body. The company also launched the serial production of the EV1 electric car, which entered the market from 1997 to 2003. When the electric car was discontinued, all copies of the cars were taken from buyers and disposed of. In 2010, the activities of Saturn ended. In Russia, such a brand is a rarity.
Scion. The logo is made in California: a stylized letter S represents the swimming of a shark, it was important to connect the car with lovers of extreme sports and the ocean. Scion (“Cayen”) is translated by the word “heir”, this is the usual right-handed Toyota. Scion, in truth, made in japan, because it was assembled there. The Scion division is owned by Toyota and produces youth cars only for North America. All Scion cars come to the owners in the same configuration. Concepts introduced: SCION FUSE (butterfly doors) and SCION T2B (with passenger side sliding door).
SEAT. The logo with the letter S in gray (and the word Seat in red) is the third in a row, this is the capital letter of the company name. This brand represents the Spanish company Sociedad Española de Automóviles de Turismo, owned by the Volkswagen Group. The SEAT company began its activity in 1950, then there were only three cars for every 1000 Spaniards in the country. Currently, the company is making progress in the production of sports and "everyday" cars. In autumn 2015, SEAT will introduce a crossover. Famous SEAT models are Ibiza and Leon.
Skoda. The logo of the Czech company ŠKODA since February 2011 is a “winged arrow” placed in a ring. There is no ŠKODA AUTO inscription in the ring, the word is placed above the logo. The elements of the emblem have the following meaning: the wing symbolizes technological progress, the arrow - new technologies, the eye - the breadth of views, the green color indicates that production does not harm the environment. The company is part of the Volkswagen Group. The company plans to release a new generation Roomster. In Russia, the current generation Skoda Roomster with two gasoline engines is being sold.
Subaru. The logo of Subaru-Fuji Industries Ltd. six stars visible to the naked eye from the Pleiades star cluster, beloved in Japan since ancient times. Fuji Heavy Industries emerged from the merger of six companies, including Toyota. Renault cars were the basis for the first Subaru cars. The word "Subaru" also means "gather together" in Japanese. The company introduced a bus with an electric motor - Sambar EV, R1, produced by B9 Tribeca.
Suzuki. The Suzuki emblem is depicted with the Latin letter S so that it resembles a Japanese character. At the same time, the name of the founder of the brand, Michio Suzuki, begins with this letter. At the beginning, under the name Suzuki Loom Works, looms, motorcycles were produced. In 1937, it was reoriented to the production of motor vehicles. It entered the new millennium as an auto giant, 12th in the world in terms of sales of its products, sales of 1.8 million cars annually. Today the Russian market sells six models of cars, more than twenty models of motorcycles and three models of ATVs.
Tesla is an American car brand. The company has been producing electric vehicles since 2006, in large quantities - since 2008. The emblem consists of the name of the car and the sword-shaped letter T - symbolizes swiftness and speed. And the brand is named after the physicist and electrical engineer Nikola Tesla. The Tesla Roadster is equipped with an AC motor that originates directly from Tesla's own 1882 design.
Toyota. The emblem symbolizes the thread that is threaded into the eye of the needle. This is a legacy from the past business of the Toyota Automatic Loom Works, which made weaving machines until 1933. The Japanese did not change the badge. The emblem was given a poetic and philosophical meaning. Two intersecting ellipses symbolize the driver and the heart of the car, and the large ellipse that unites them speaks of the prospects and opportunities of the corporation.
TVR. The TVR company logo (T-V-R) is stylized letters from the name TreVoR. In 1947, English engineers Trevor Wilkinson and Jack Picard founded TVR Engineering, naming the company after Wilkinson - TreVoR. The company specializes in the production of light sports cars, it has a turbulent history, but an uncertain future. The next owner, Smolensky, split TVR into small companies in December 2006, keeping the brand and intellectual capital for himself. At the moment it is known that the US is the market for TVR's business plan, which will produce sports cars.
Volkswagen. The author of the logo of the "people's car" is Franz Xavier Reimspiss, a Porsche employee who won an open competition and earned an award (100 Reichsmarks) for this. The letters W and V are merged into a monogram. During Nazi Germany, this logo imitated the swastika. Britain took over the plant after the defeat of Germany, the logo changed, later the background color turned blue. The right to produce cars with this emblem belongs to AG.
Volvo. The emblem of the Swedish concern depicts the Roman designation of the god of war Mars - a shield and a spear. A strip that runs diagonally across the grille originally served as a mounting point for the emblem, but in its modern form it is a brand identifier. The modern emblem of Volvo cars is represented by the same diagonal stripe with the "sign of Mars" and the Volvo name is placed in the middle. Since 2010, Volvo has been divided into 2 profiling groups: one produces Volvo Personvag passenger cars, and Aktiebolaget Volvo produces engines, equipment, commercial vehicles, buses. Both groups were part of the Volvo Group. In 1999, Volvo Personvag was sold to the Ford concern, and later to the Gelly concern.
Wiesmann. The Wiesmann logo depicts a gecko, because Wiesmann cars cling to the road as tightly as geckos to walls and ceilings. Under this emblem, the German company produces luxury sports cars in limited quantities. No more than 50 cars a year, they were so in demand that to buy them you had to sign up for six months. In February 2014, the management of Wiesmann Manufaktur at a meeting of the plant's employees announced its closure.
Bogdan. The prototype of the pride of the Ukrainian automobile industry is the letter B, stylized as a sailboat with inflated sails. The company's designers claimed that this means success and good luck in all initiatives, a fair wind on the road. The letter B is placed in an ellipse - this is a symbol of stability, green suggests growth and renewal, gray is associated with perfection. The Ukrainian automobile manufacturing enterprise produces VAZ 2110 cars under this brand.
VIS. The VAZinterService logo is presented in the form of a graphic design of the company name in the form of stylized letters VIS. VAZinterService is a division of AvtoVAZ specializing in the production of pickup trucks for various purposes, which are based on modules for all-wheel drive VAZ vehicles. At the moment, the company consists of a plant for the production of pickups "VIS-Avto", Auto-aggregate and Auto-assembly plants.
GAS. The emblem belongs to the Gorky Automobile Plant, known for the production of trucks and minibuses. GAZ cars in the first moments of production were a copy of American Ford cars, moreover, even in the emblem the word GAZ was in a similar oval and the spelling of the letter G was identical to Ford's branded F. The personal factory deer logo was created in 1950. The emblem of Nizhny Novgorod, where the plant is located, served as the basis for the emblem.
ZAZ. The logo is made in the form of a stylized letter Z and belongs to the Zaporozhye Automobile Plant. By the end of 1960, a series of humpbacked "Zaporozhets" - ZAZ-965 - was assembled and produced at the plant. The emblem of the car depicted the Zaporozhye dam, with the letters ZAZ on top. The price of a car was easily accessible, it could be purchased for about twenty official national average wages. Today, the company specializes in the production of vans and passenger cars.
ZIL. The logo is made in the form of a stylized inscription of the first letters of the name of the oldest plant named after Likhachev. There was no emblem at the plant from 1916 to 1944. It was then that the designer Sukhorukov proposed a sign for the ZIL-114, which later served as the trademark of the enterprise. On the basis of the plant, the Open Joint Stock Moscow Company "Plant named after I. A. Likhachev" (AMO ZIL) appears. The enterprise now produces and sells energy carriers, rents out premises. At the beginning of 2014, there were 2,305 people in the society.
IzhAvto. Since 2005, cars under this logo have not been produced. Currently, the Izhevsk plant is the property of the Russian Technologies enterprise and is managed by United Automobile Group LLC. The release of the Lada Granta sedan model at the car plant is being completed, in the future the company plans to produce the Lada Granta liftback car.
KAMAZ. The emblem - a galloping horse with a wind-blown mane - is known both in Russia and abroad. If a symbolic figure of a horse is fixed on the hood of the car, then this is KAMAZ. The Kama Automobile Plant has been a Russian automobile manufacturing company since 1976. Two forms of writing are patented: KAMAZ and KAMAZ. The company ranks 9th in the production of trucks in the world. The plant also produces buses, harvesters, tractors and more. KAMAZ won the Paris-Dakar rally 12 times.
Lada. The logo in the form of an oval with a boat has existed on VAZ products since 1994. In the new emblem, the boat under sail is made in a different graphic style, the white and blue colors of the brand have not changed. The logo update was entrusted to chief designer Steve Mattin, head of design at Volvo. This logo with a floating boat describes the location of the VAZ plant (Samara region, on the Volga). In ancient times, merchant boats were the only transport that transported goods along the Volga. The boat is depicted in the form of the first letter "B", which is part of the name of the VAZ.
Moskvich. The corporate emblem of the enterprise, introduced in the 80s, is the letter "M", stylized as a battlement of the Kremlin wall. The production of Moskvich was launched at the AZLK plant in Moscow since 1947 and in Izhevsk since 1966. The plant was declared bankrupt and ceased operations in 2010. Trademarks (82855, 82856, 476828 and 221062), under which Moskvich products were released, belong to Volkswagen AG and are “sleeping” brands (in reserve). The factory museum with Moskvich models is located at the address: Rimskaya metro station, Rogozhsky Val, 9/2.
SeAZ. Since 1939, the Serpukhov Motorcycle Plant has been producing motorcycles and motorized carriages (in a scene in the film Operation Y). Since 1995, the enterprise has been reoriented to the Serpukhov Automobile Plant, which assembles Oka cars from supplied parts. Now only machine kits are manufactured here.
TagAZ. The emblem refers to the products of the Taganrog Automobile Plant. In 1999, several hundred Orion cars were produced. Further, the plant becomes a car assembly plant. Since May 2014, the new owner has unveiled plans to resume the industrial assembly of light trucks, school buses, utility vehicles and minibuses for the transportation of the disabled.
UAZ. The engineer of this plant, Albert Rakhmanov, created the bestseller of industrial design - UAZ-469. His sketch with a bird inscribed in a circle became the emblem in 1962. The mark has not been patented. In 1981, a new version was approved: a real, with curved wings, a seagull inscribed in a pentagon. The last sign of the plant is a green emblem and under it the letter designation - UAZ.

Summary

It must be said that the geometric figure in the form of a circle is used by almost all German enterprises. He with a horizontal zigzag, denotes the brand of car Opel. The Volvo emblem has an image in the form of a circle with an arrow. It symbolizes the god Mars, who is the patron saint of war. The name of the Volvo badge translates to "rolling".

On the video - interesting facts about car emblems:

Many car enthusiasts are interested in information about the icons of the cars of the world. This article provides data on many vehicle emblems, as well as a description of the most popular today.

Symbols are the most international and timeless language. We see them every day and roughly know what they mean. However, symbols in the course of their thousand-year history could change their meaning to the opposite.

Yin Yang

Appearance time: According to the well-known Russian orientalist, Doctor of Historical Sciences Alexei Maslov, the yin-yang symbolism was probably borrowed by the Taoists from Buddhists in the 1st-3rd centuries: “they were attracted by Buddhist drawn symbols - and Taoism had its own“ mandala ”: the famous black and white“ fish "yin and yang".

Where used: The concept of yin-yang is the key to Taoism and Confucianism, the doctrine of yin-yang is one of the foundations of traditional Chinese medicine.

Values: In the Book of Changes, yang and yin were used to express light and dark, hard and soft. In the process of development of Chinese philosophy, yang and yin increasingly symbolized the interaction of extreme opposites: light and dark, day and night, sun and moon, sky and earth, heat and cold, positive and negative, even and odd, and so on.

Initially, "yin" meant "northern, shady", and "yang" - "southern, sunny slope of the mountain." Later, "yin" was perceived as negative, cold, dark and feminine, and "yang" as positive, bright, warm and masculine.

Being the main (fundamental) model of everything that exists, the concept of yin-yang reveals two provisions that explain the nature of Tao. First, everything is constantly changing. Secondly, opposites complement each other (there can be no black without white, and vice versa). The purpose of human existence, therefore, is the balance and harmony of opposites. There can be no "final victory" because there is nothing final, there is no end as such

Magen David

Appearance time: It is authentically known that the hexagram was widely used in the Bronze Age (end of IV-beginning of III millennium BC) on a vast territory: from India to the Middle East.

Where used: In ancient India, the hexagram was called Anahata or Anahata-chakra. The six-pointed star was known in the ancient Near and Middle East. In the Islamic tradition, in Mecca, the main Muslim shrine - the Kaaba - is traditionally covered with a silk coverlet, which depicts hexagonal stars.
They began to associate the six-pointed star with Jewry only in the Middle Ages, and in medieval Arabic books the hexagram is found much more often than in Jewish mystical works, and for the first time images of the hexagram appear in Jewish sacred books in Muslim countries, only in the XIII century reaching Germany. The six-pointed star is found on the flags of the Muslim states of Karaman and Kandara.

There is an assumption that the hexagram was a family symbol of the family of David al-Roi, who lived in Iran, one of the contenders for the role of Mashiach. This is sometimes used to explain the origin of the accepted name of the hexagram: Magen David, or "David's shield".

The Rothschild family, having received the title of nobility, included Magen David in their family coat of arms. Heinrich Heine put a hexagram instead of a signature under his newspaper articles. Subsequently, it was adopted as a symbol of the Zionist movement.

Values: In India, the Anahata hexagram symbolized the attic chakra, the intersection of the male (Shiva) and female (Shakti) principles. In the Middle and Near East, the hexagram was a symbol of the goddess Astarte. The six-pointed star is included in the symbolism of Kabbalah: two triangles superimposed on each other are considered as a visual symbol of the Sefirot.

In the twenties of the twentieth century, Franz Rosenzweig interpreted Magen David as a symbolic expression of his philosophical ideas about the meaning of Judaism and the relationship between Gd, man and the universe.

The connection of the six-pointed star with the Jews was finally established as a result of Nazi policy in Germany. Yellow Magen David has become a symbol of the Holocaust.

Caduceus

Appearance time: The exact time of appearance of the caduceus is unknown. Obviously, this is a very ancient symbol. It is also found on the monuments of Ancient India and Ancient Egypt, Phoenicia and Sumer, Ancient Greece, Iran, Rome and even Mesoamerica.

Where used: Caduceus - and today one of the most common symbols in heraldry. In the form of a caduceus, there was a rod of heralds among the Greeks and Romans (the rod of Hermes). When they were sent to the enemy camp, the caduceus was a guarantee of their immunity.

In the occult, the caduceus is considered a symbol of the key that opens the limit between darkness and light, good and evil, life and death.

Since the 19th century, the image of the caduceus has often been used in a number of countries (for example, in the USA) as a symbol of medicine, which is the result of a common mistake due to its resemblance to the staff of Asclepius.

The image of the caduceus as an attribute of the god of commerce is traditionally used in the symbols of the Chambers of Commerce and Industry in a number of countries around the world, including Russia.
Before the revolution and in several periods after it, crossed caduceuses were used as a customs emblem.

Today, the caduceus, crossed with a torch, is included in the emblem of the Federal Customs Service and is one of the heraldic symbols of arbitration courts, the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation and the State Tax Service of Ukraine. Since September 2007, the caduceus has been used in the emblem of the Russian Federal Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund.
In heraldry, the caduceus was used in the historical emblems of the following cities of the Russian Empire: Balta, Verkhneudinsk, Yeniseisk, Irbit, Nezhin, Taganrog, Telshev, Tiflis, Ulan-Ude, Feodosia, Kharkov, Berdichev, Talny.

Meaning: The stem of the caduceus is symbolically connected with the tree of life, the axis of the world, and the snakes are with the cyclical rebirth of Nature, with the restoration of the universal Order when it is violated.

The snakes on the caduceus indicate a hidden dynamic in what is outwardly stable, they symbolize two multidirectional flows (up and down), the connection of heaven and earth, God and man (the wings on the caduceus also indicate the connection of heaven and earth, spiritual and material) - everything that is born on earth comes from heaven and, after going through the path of trials and suffering, gains life experience, must rise to heaven.

It is said about Mercury that with his staff - which has since been considered a symbol of peace, harmony - he separated two fighting snakes. Fighting snakes are a mess, chaos, they need to be divided, that is, to distinguish, see opposites and unite, overcome them. Then, having united, they will balance the Axis of the world, and around it from Chaos the Cosmos, harmony will be created. Truth is one, and in order to arrive at it, one must follow the straight road, which is symbolized by the axis of the caduceus.

Caduceus in the Vedic tradition is also interpreted as a symbol of Serpent Fire, or Kundalini. Wrapping around the central axis, the snakes are connected at seven points, they are associated with the chakras. Kundalini, Serpent Fire, sleeps in the base chakra, and when it wakes up as a result of evolution, it ascends along the spine along three paths: the central one, Shushumna, and two side ones, which form two intersecting spirals - Pingala (this is the right, masculine and active, spiral) and Ide (left, female and passive).

chrism

Appearance time: It is not known for certain, but researchers suggest that even during the life of the apostles, that is, in the 1st century. This symbol has been found in Christian tombs since the 3rd century AD.

Where used: The most famous use of the symbol is on the labarum, the state banner of imperial Rome. The symbol was first introduced by Emperor Constantine the Great after he saw the sign of the cross in the sky on the eve of the Battle of the Milvian Bridge (312).

The labarum of Constantine had a chrysm at the end of the shaft, and on the very cloth there was an inscription: lat. Hoc vince The first mention of the labarum is found in Lactantius (d. c. 320).

Values: Chrism is a monogram of the name of Christ, which consists of two initial Greek letters of the name (Greek ΧΡΙΣΤΌΣ) - Χ (chi) and Ρ (ro), crossed with each other. The Greek letters α and ω are often placed along the edges of the monogram. They go back to the text of the Apocalypse: "I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, says the Lord, who is and was and is to come, the Almighty."

A number of later researchers saw in the letters P and X, enclosed in a circle, the ancient pagan symbol of the Sun. For this reason, Protestants, as a rule, do not recognize the labarum as an original Christian symbol.

Appearance time: The symbol itself appeared during the formation of the syllabic alphabet of the Devanagari script (“divine city letter”), that is, in the VIII-XII centuries.

Where used: "Om" as a symbol denoting the sacred sound "Om" is used in Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, Shaivism, Vishnuism, yogic practices. Currently, "Om" has already become part of pop culture, it is applied as a print on clothes, tattoos are made. "Om" is featured on George Harrison's albums, the mantra "Om" is used in the chorus of The Beatles' "Across the Universe" and in the soundtrack to the film "The Matrix" in Juno Reactor's "Navras"

Values: In the Hindu and Vedic tradition, "Om" is a sacred sound, the original mantra, the "word of power." Often interpreted as a symbol of the divine triad of Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva.
In Hinduism, "Om" symbolizes the three sacred texts of the Vedas: Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda, in itself is a sacred mantra from the very beginning, symbolizing Brahman. Its three components (A, U, M) traditionally symbolize Creation, Maintenance and Destruction - the categories of the cosmogony of the Vedas and Hinduism.

In Buddhism, the three sounds of the word "Om" can represent the Body, Speech and Mind of the Buddha, the Three Bodies of the Buddha (Dharmakaya, Sambhogakaya, Nirmanakaya) and the three jewels (Buddha, Dharma, Sangha). However, the buddhologist Yevgeny Torchinov noted that the syllable "Om" and similar syllables ("hum", "ah", "hri", "e-ma-ho") "do not have any dictionary meaning" and pointed out that these syllables, unlike from other syllables of mantras represent "sacred untranslatability" in the Mahayana tradition.

Ichthys

Time and place of origin: Images of the acronym ΙΧΘΥΣ (from the Greek. Jesus Christ the Son of God the Savior) or the fish symbolizing it first appear in the Roman catacombs in the 2nd century. The widespread use of this symbol is evidenced by the mention of it by Tertullian at the beginning of the 3rd century: “We are small fish, led by our ikhthus, we are born in the water and can only be saved by being in the water.”

Where used: The acronym Ichthys began to be used by the first Christians, since the images of Christ were unacceptable due to persecution.

Values: The symbolism of the fish was associated in the New Testament with the preaching of the apostles, some of whom were fishermen. Jesus Christ in the Gospel of Matthew called his disciples "fishers of men", and the Kingdom of Heaven likened "a net thrown into the sea and capturing fish of every kind." Ichthys was also associated with Alpha from the words of Jesus Christ: "I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the last."

At the end of the 20th century, ichthys became a popular symbol among Protestants in different countries, and opponents of creationism began to parody this sign by sticking a fish sign with the word "Darwin" and small legs on their cars.

Chalice of Hygiea

Time and place of origin: Ancient Greece. III-I millennium BC

Where used: Hygeia in Greek mythology was the goddess of health, the daughter or wife of the god of healing Asclepius. From her name came the word "hygiene". Often she was depicted as a young woman feeding a snake from a phial bowl. In Greek mythology, the snake was also a symbol of the goddess Athena, who was often depicted as Hygea and vice versa.

Values: In ancient Greece, Hygiea personified the principle of a just war for health as light and harmony on all planes. And if Asclepius began to act when the order was violated, then Hygieia maintained the order-law that reigns initially.

The snake in ancient traditions symbolized death and immortality, good and evil. They were personified by her forked tongue, and the poisonousness of her bites, along with the healing effect of the poison, and the ability to hypnotize small animals and birds.

The snake was depicted on the first-aid kit of a Roman military doctor. In the Middle Ages, the combination of images of a snake and a bowl on the emblem was used by pharmacists in the Italian city of Padua, and only later this private pharmaceutical symbol turned into a generally accepted medical sign.

A bowl with a snake in our time is considered a symbol of medicine and pharmacy. However, in the history of medicine in different countries, a snake wrapped around a staff was more often considered the emblem of healing. This image was adopted in the middle of the WHO at the UN at the First World Assembly in Geneva in 1948. Then the international health emblem was approved, in the center of which is placed a staff entwined with a snake.

Rose of Wind

Date of occurrence: The first mention is in 1300 AD, but scientists are sure that the symbol is older.
Where used: Initially, the wind rose was used by the sailors of the Northern Hemisphere.
Meaning: The wind rose is a vector symbol invented in the Middle Ages to help sailors. The wind rose or compass rose also symbolizes the four cardinal directions along with intermediate directions. Thus, she shares the symbolic meaning of the circle, the center, the cross and the rays of the sun wheel. In the XVIII - XX centuries, sailors stuffed tattoos depicting a wind rose as a talisman. They believed that such a talisman would help them return home. Nowadays, the wind rose is perceived as a symbol of a guiding star.

Wheel with 8 spokes

Date of occurrence: about 2000 BC
Where used: Egypt, Middle East, Asia.
Meaning: The wheel is a symbol of the sun, a symbol of cosmic energy. In almost all pagan cults, the wheel was an attribute of the solar gods, it symbolized the life cycle, constant rebirth and renewal.
In modern Hinduism, the wheel means endless perfect completion. In Buddhism, the wheel symbolizes the eightfold path of salvation, the cosmos, the wheel of samsara, the symmetry and perfection of dharma, the dynamics of peaceful change, time and destiny.
There is also the concept of "wheel of fortune", which means a series of ups and downs, the unpredictability of fate. In Germany in the Middle Ages, an 8-spoke wheel was associated with Ahtwen, a magical rune spell. At the time of Dante, the Wheel of Fortune was depicted with 8 spokes of opposite sides of human life, periodically repeating: poverty-wealth, war-peace, obscurity-glory, patience-passion. The Wheel of Fortune is included in the Major Arcana of the Tarot, often with an ascending and falling figure, like the wheel described by Boethius. The Wheel of Fortune tarot card continues to depict these figures.

Ouroboros

Date of occurrence: the first images of the ouroboros date back to 4200 BC, but historians believe that the symbol itself arose much earlier.
Where used: Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece, Mesoamerica, Scandinavia, India, China.
Meaning: Ouroboros is a serpent devouring its own tail, a symbol of eternity and infinity, as well as the cyclical nature of life, the alternation of life and death. This is how the ouroboros was perceived in Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece.

In Christianity, the symbol changed its meaning, since in the Old Testament the snake symbolized evil. Thus, the ancient Jews established an equal sign between the ouroboros and the serpent from the Bible. In Gnosticism, the ouroboros personifies both good and evil at the same time.

Hammer and sickle

Date of occurrence: in the state heraldry - 1918.
Where used: USSR and various communist parties of the world
Meaning: The hammer has been a craft emblem since the Middle Ages. In the second half of the 19th century, the hammer became a symbol of the European proletariat. In Russian heraldry, the sickle meant harvest and harvest, and was often used in the coats of arms of various cities. But since 1918, these two signs have been combined into one, acquiring a new meaning. The hammer and sickle became a symbol of the ruling working class, the union of workers and peasants.

The moment of the creation of the symbol was described by Sergey Gerasimov, the author of the famous painting “Mother of the Partisan”, as follows: “Yevgeny Kamzolkin, standing next to me, thoughtfully said: - What if we try such symbolism? - At the same time, he began to walk on the canvas. - This is how to depict a sickle - it will be the peasantry, and inside the hammer - it will be the working class.

On the same day, the sickle and hammer were sent from Zamoskvorechye to the Moscow City Council, and all other sketches were rejected there: a hammer with an anvil, a plow with a sword, a scythe with a wrench. Further, this symbol was transferred to the state emblem of the Soviet Union, and the name of the artist was forgotten for many years. They remembered him only in the post-war period. Yevgeny Kamzolkin lived a quiet life in Pushkino and did not claim royalties for such a quoted symbol.

Lily

Date of occurrence: in heraldry, the lily has been used since 496 AD.
Where used: European countries, especially France.
Meaning: According to legend, the king of the Franks Clovis was given a golden lily by an angel after he converted to Christianity. But lilies became an object of reverence much earlier. The Egyptians considered them a symbol of purity and innocence. In Germany, they believed that the lily symbolizes the afterlife and the atonement of sins. In Europe, before the Renaissance, the lily was a sign of mercy, justice and compassion. She was considered a royal flower. Today, the lily is a well-established sign in heraldry.
Recent research has shown that the fleur-de-lis, in its classic form, is actually a stylized image of the iris.

Crescent

Date of occurrence: approximately 3500 BC
Where used: crescent crescent was an attribute of almost all lunar deities. It was distributed in Egypt, Greece, Sumer, India, Byzantium. After the conquest of Constantinople by the Muslims, the crescent became strongly associated with Islam.
Meaning: In many religions, the crescent moon symbolizes constant rebirth and immortality. Christians revered the crescent as a sign of the Virgin Mary, and in Western Asia they believed that the crescent of the moon is a sign of cosmic forces. In Hinduism, the crescent was considered a symbol of mind control, and in Islam - divine patronage, growth and rebirth. The crescent with a star meant heaven.

double headed eagle

Date of occurrence: 4000-3000 BC
Where used: Sumer, Hittite kingdom, Eurasia.
Meaning: In Sumer, the double-headed eagle had religious significance. He was a solar symbol - one of the images of the sun. Approximately from the XIII century BC. e. the double-headed eagle was used by various countries and principalities as a coat of arms. The double-headed eagle was minted on the coins of the Golden Horde; in Byzantium, it was a symbol of the Palaiologos dynasty, which ruled from 1261 to 1453. The double-headed eagle was depicted on the coat of arms of the Holy Roman Empire. To this day, this symbol is the central image of the emblems of many countries, including Russia.

Pentacle

Date of occurrence: the first images date back to 3500 BC.
Where used: Since the ancient Sumerians, this sign has been used by almost every civilization
Meaning: The five-pointed star is considered a sign of protection. The Babylonians used it as a talisman against thieves, the Jews associated the five-pointed star with the five wounds on the body of Christ, and the magicians of medieval Europe knew the pentacle as the "seal of King Solomon." The star is still actively used both in religion and in the symbolism of different countries.

Swastika

Date of occurrence: The first images date back to 8000 BC.
Where used: In Eastern Europe, Western Siberia, Central Asia, the Caucasus, pre-Columbian America. Extremely rare among the Egyptians. Among the ancient monuments of Phoenicia, Arabia, Syria, Assyria, Babylon, Sumer, Australia, Oceania, the swastika was not found.
Meaning: The word "swastika" can be translated from Sanskrit as a greeting and a wish of good luck. The swastika, as a symbol, has a great many meanings, but the most ancient of them are movement, life, the Sun, light, well-being.
Due to the fact that the swastika was used in Nazi Germany, this symbol began to be firmly associated with Nazism, despite the original symbol of the sign.

All-seeing eye

Date of occurrence: 1510-1515 AD, but in pagan religions, a symbol similar to the all-seeing eye appeared much earlier.

Where used: Europe, Asia, Oceania, Ancient Egypt.
Meaning: The all-seeing eye is the sign of the all-seeing and all-knowing god who watches over humanity. In ancient Egypt, the analogue of the All-Seeing Eye was Wadjet (the eye of Horus or the eye of Ra), which symbolized various aspects of the divine structure of the world. The all-seeing eye, inscribed in a triangle, was a symbol of Freemasonry. Freemasons revered the number three as a symbol of the trinity, and the eye, located in the center of the triangle, symbolized the hidden truth.

Cross

Date of occurrence: approximately 4000 BC

Where used: Egypt, Babylon, India, Syria, Persia, Egypt, North and South America. After the birth of Christianity, the cross spread throughout the world.

Meaning: In ancient Egypt, the cross was considered a divine sign and symbolized life. In Assyria, a cross enclosed in a ring was a symbol of the sun god. The inhabitants of South America believed that the cross drives away evil spirits.

From the 4th century, the cross was adopted by Christians, and its meaning has changed somewhat. In the modern world, the cross is associated with death and resurrection, as well as with salvation and eternal life.

Anarchy

The combination "A in a circle" was used as early as the 16th century by European alchemists under the influence of Kabbalistic magic as the first letters of the words: "Alpha and Omega", the beginning and the end.

In the modern tradition, it was first used in the Spanish section of the 1st International as a designation for the catchphrase of the famous anarchist J. Proudhon "Anarchy is the mother of order" in capital letters "l'anarchie" and "l'ordre".

Pacific

The famous symbol was developed in 1958 in Britain at the height of the movement against nuclear war as a combination of the symbols of the semaphore alphabet "N" and "D" (the first letters of the phrase "nuclear disarmament" - nuclear disarmament). Later it began to be used as a symbol of universal reconciliation and the unity of mankind.

Card suits

In the classic (and most modern) French deck, the symbols of the suits were four signs - hearts, spades, diamonds, clubs, in the form in which they received mass use.

The oldest European deck - Italian-Spanish, which passed directly from the Arabs, depicted coins instead of tambourines, instead of a spade - a sword, instead of a red heart - a cup, and instead of a clover - a club.

Signs of suits came to the modern look by gradual euphemization. Thus, tambourines denoted money as metal rattles (before, tambourines were rhombic in shape), clover was previously an acorn, the shape of a spade resembled leaves, which was reflected in the German deck, and the goblet underwent a complex evolution from the image of a rose to a heart. Each suit symbolized the feudal estates: the merchants, the peasantry, the knights and the clergy, respectively.

16. Anchor

Appearance time: the first centuries of our era.

Where used: Everyone knows the symbol of the anchor as a marine emblem. However, in the first centuries of the new era, the anchor was closely associated with Christianity. For the early Christians, who saw in it the hidden form of the cross, the anchor personified the hope of salvation with caution, security and strength.

In Christian iconography, the anchor, as an emblem of security, is the main attribute of St. Nicholas of Myra - the patron saint of sailors. Another meaning should be attributed to the anchor of the semi-legendary Pope Clement (88?-97?). According to church tradition, during the period of persecution of Christians, the pagans hung an anchor around the Pope's neck and drowned him in the sea. However, the sea waves soon parted, exposing the temple of God at the bottom. In this mythical underwater temple, the body of the holy champion of the faith was allegedly discovered.
Values: There are several anchor values. The anchor is a sacred object to which sacrifices were made, because it was often the only salvation for sailors. On the coins of Greece, Syria, Carthage, Phoenicia and Rome, the anchor was more often than others depicted as a symbol of hope.

In the art of ancient Rome, the anchor symbolized the joy of returning home after a long journey. On the graves of the 1st century, the image of an anchor was associated with the image of the church as a ship that carries souls across the stormy sea of life.

The Apostle Paul in his letter to the Hebrews compared hope to a safe and strong anchor. The Greek word "ankura" (anchor) was associated with the Latin expression "en kurio", that is, "in the Lord.
In the visual arts of the Renaissance, the anchor also means an attribute of hope. The allegorical emblem, which depicts a dolphin with an anchor, was especially popular in Renaissance painting. The dolphin symbolized speed, and the anchor - restraint. At the bottom of the emblem was the inscription: "Hurry up slowly"

Olympic rings

Appearance time: The Olympic emblem was first introduced in 1920 at the 8th Summer Olympic Games in Antwerp.
Where is used: One of the most recognizable symbols in the world consists of five rings, the uniqueness of the emblem lies in the simplicity of execution. The rings are arranged in a W-shaped order, the colors are arranged in a strict order: blue, black, red, yellow and green.
What were the meanings: There are several theories about the origin and interpretation of the emblem of the Olympic Games. The first and main version says that the Olympic rings symbolically depict the unity of the five continents, which was invented by Baron Pierre de Coubertin in 1913.

Until 1951, there was a belief that each color corresponded to a separate continent. Europe was designated in blue, Africa in black, America in red, Asia in yellow, green in Australia, but in 1951 they decided to move away from this distribution of colors in order to move away from racial discrimination.

Another version says that the idea of five multi-colored rings is taken from Carl Jung. During the period of fascination with Chinese philosophy, he connected the circle (a symbol of greatness and vitality) with five colors, reflecting the types of energies (water, wood, fire, earth and metal).

In 1912, the psychologist introduced a new image of the Olympic competitions, because in his opinion, each participant in the Olympic Games had to master each of the five sports - swimming (water - blue), fencing (fire - red), cross-country running (land - yellow), equestrian (wood - green) and shooting (metal - black)
The emblem of the five rings hides a deep meaning that reveals the essence of the sport. It contains the idea of popularizing the Olympic movement, the equality of each participating country, fair treatment of the athlete, healthy competition.

Compasses and Square

Appearance time: Henry Wilson Coyle, in The Masonic Encyclopedia, states that the Compass and Square in weave appeared on the seal of the Aberdeen lodge in 1762.
Where is used: Using a compass and a square, you can draw a circle inscribed in a square, and this is a reference to the seventh problem of Euclid, squaring the circle. But you should not assume that the Compasses and the Square necessarily refer you to a mathematical problem, rather they symbolize a person’s desire to achieve harmony between spiritual and physical nature.
Values: In this emblem, the Compasses depicts the vault of heaven, and the Square - the Earth. The sky is symbolically connected with the place where the Great Builder of the Universe draws his plan, and the Earth is the place where man does his work. The compass, combined with the Square, is one of the most common symbols of Freemasonry.

Values: The name "dollar" has more than just meaning. Its name contains the word ... "Joachimstaler", a 17th-century coin that was minted in the Czech city of Joachimsthal. For convenience, the name of the currency was shortened to "thaler". In Denmark, due to the peculiarities of the language, the name of the coin was pronounced as “daler”, and in the UK it was transformed from the more familiar “dollar” to us.

If everything is clear with the name, then the origin of the $ icon is still a mystery. The following version is considered the most similar to the truth: the Spanish abbreviation "P" s, which once denoted the currency of Spain, the peso. The letter P presumably left a vertical line, this allowed to increase the speed of writing, and the letter S remained unchanged. There is also a conspiracy version, along which two lines are the Pillars of Hercules.

Mars and Venus

Appearance time: The well-known sign of Mars ♂ and Venus ♀, borrowed from astrology, was introduced by the botanist Carl Linnaeus in 1751 to indicate the sex of plants. Since then, these two characters are called gender.
Where is used: The symbol of Venus ♀ denotes the feminine and is used to denote a woman, a female. Accordingly, the symbol of Mars ♂ personifies the masculine principle.
What values A: The first symbols of Mars and Venus appeared in antiquity. The female sign of Venus is depicted as a circle with a cross pointing down. It is called the "Mirror of Venus", this sign symbolizes femininity, beauty and love. The male sign of Mars is depicted as a circle with an arrow pointing up and to the right. Mars means the power of the god of war, this symbol is also called the “shield and spear of Mars.” The combined symbols of Venus and Mars mean heterosexuality, love between members of different sexes.

The first thing every woman does when she comes home with a new thing is to put it on and look at herself in the mirror. Once again, you can’t forbid the fair sex to admire yourself, but the second thing to do is to study the icons on clothes for washing, the decoding of some is not always immediately clear. For example, a hand dipped into a basin of water means hand washing, and a bowl with a temperature indication indicates how hot the water can be.

These laundry icons are easy to interpret, but when it comes to others, fantasy sometimes refuses to even guess what they might mean. However, all laundry icons will have to be studied. Nobody wants the first wash to be the last for a thing, right? And if so, we look for labels on things and carefully read how to organize proper care for them.

Where is the label hiding?

At the time when the first industrial manufactories began to appear, labels were also born. Their goal was to convey the name of the manufacturer to clothing buyers. Then, caring merchants began to place signs of clothing care on them. This tradition has come down to our days. Therefore, it is not difficult to find a label with cleaning recommendations on any item of clothing.

The tag, on which the washing symbols are located, is located in different places for different things. For example, in jeans, it is located in the seam at the level of the thigh, in knitted sweatshirts and knitted cardigans - in the side seam, in T-shirts - in the back under the collar or in the side seam. Moreover, even underwear has labels: their location on panties is in the side seam, on bras - on the left, on the "back" strap. This once again proves that every thing needs specific care.

The label is made of a special material that does not interfere with wearing clothes: it does not rub or prick. And at the same time, this useful fabric insert will tell you at any time how to wash, iron and take other care of the thing. An exception is made only for vests and sliders for the smallest. You will not find labels on these clothes. Washing designations are indicated on special stickers that are removed during preparation before the first wear.

Tip: as a rule, labels can be made of two types of fabric - very soft and more rigid. If the label needs to be removed, remember: only those that are made of soft fabric are cut off (they sometimes even have a cut sign on them - open scissors). The rigid label pulls out of the seam with a gentle movement. If you cut it off, the rest will definitely rub.

How to read labels?

There is nothing difficult in figuring out what this or that marking means. It is enough to carefully look at the conventional symbols as a whole and find a pattern. And as you know, what is clear is easy to remember. Therefore, after studying the icons, the manufacturer's recommendation regarding the care of clothing will be read "once or twice."

The symbols are of five types and can represent, respectively, five different actions to which clothing may be subjected:

Its designation is a circle: empty, with a letter or crossed out.
Its symbol is a square, on which a transcript is applied in the form of additional signs explaining its features.
The sign of this operation is a triangle.
Its symbols are irons, which indicate the temperature at which the item should be ironed. Also, this icon shows whether clothes can be steamed.
Its icon is a basin of water and can provide the following information: is machine washing possible or only manual cleaning is provided for the product, what temperature the water should be, features of spinning and mechanical processing.

In addition to describing the specifics of the regimes, there are symbols designed to prohibit or mitigate this or that action. For example, if you cross out a basin of water, this will mean that washing is prohibited, and if you put a cross on a circle, you will get a ban on dry cleaning. The stripes under the icons soften the action: one stripe - gentle mode, two stripes - delicate mode.

Tip: if you need urgent decoding, a table will help, which contains symbols and their descriptions.

If the washing machine is equipped with a drying function, then when choosing its mode, you should focus on the corresponding value (“square”) on the label. A square with a circle inscribed in it allows drying in a special drying chamber. The same sign, but crossed out, indicates that the dryer cannot be used. In this case, the points inside the circle in the resolution sign indicate the temperature during drying - the more there are, the higher the temperature value can be.

Also, under the “drying allowed” icon, there may be a line or even two. They indicate gentle and enhanced drying modes. This means that if drying is carried out in a washing machine, you should select a gentle drying program or lower the temperature to the minimum value. The icons describing the drying conditions of the product also regulate normal drying, without the use of a drying chamber. Some things can be dried vertically on a rope or on a special metal dryer (a square with a semi-oval on top).

A sign in the form of a square with a horizontal line in the middle indicates that after washing the item should be laid out on a flat horizontal surface. As a rule, this applies to knitted products made of wool and other natural materials. Three vertical stripes in a square warn that the thing after washing is not wrung out and dried in a straightened form. Such marking is found, for example, on children's "inflated" hats and mittens made of polyester, on down jackets.

A square with two slanted stripes in the upper left corner means that drying in the sun is prohibited for these items. This applies to wool, silk, synthetic knitwear. Also, in the bright sun, it is not recommended to dry bright colored things, as they fade from this.

These symbols are needed more for dry cleaners than for those who wear them. They regulate the possibility of cleaning with chemicals and specify some substances. The most important sign for consumers is that dry cleaning is prohibited. If it is on the label, then you will have to solve problems with stains on clothes yourself.

If a thing needs bleaching, be sure to look at the symbol in the form of a triangle. A clean triangle indicates that the fabric will endure any bleaching, a crossed out triangle - a complete ban on any bleaching agent. The triangle with the chemical symbol for chlorine (Cl) inside indicates the use of chlorine-containing products. And a triangle with two slashes close to the left side taboos chlorine bleaches, while other bleaches may well be used.

Before ironing clothes, pay attention to the "ironing" symbol on the label. Depending on the information on it, manual adjustment of the iron must be made. Namely, you should set the correct temperature and, if necessary, turn off the steam function (if the icon shows an iron with a crossed out jet of steam). The temperature of the soleplate of the iron is selected based on the type of fabric. The lowest temperature (100 ° C) is set for nylon, polyamide, acetate, acrylic, nylon and is indicated on the label with one dot inside the “ironing”. Two points - this is 150 ° C - for viscose, silk, wool. Three points - 200 ° C - for cotton and linen. If there is no designation in degrees on the iron, it is convenient to navigate precisely by the points.

This is the most understandable sign, it is most often paid attention to. A bowl of water shows at what temperature this or that thing should be washed. Sometimes the temperature is indicated not by numbers, but by dots: 1 dot corresponds to 30°С, 2 dots - 40°С, 3 dots - 60°С. If the basin is crossed out, the product cannot be washed. If the tag shows a basin with a hand lowered into it, the manual wash mode is preferable for clothes. The crossed-out twisted laundry on the label warns that this item is not recommended to be twisted and wrung out. That is, when washing in a washing machine in the mode selected, depending on the other characteristics, a washing cycle and rinsing must be present, and the spin cycle must be turned off.

As mentioned above, under the regular icons there may be one or two horizontal lines, which indicate that the softening mode is applied. Most often, these additions are present on the icons that regulate washing. If it is carried out using a washing machine, the standard program settings should be adjusted. Namely, reduce the speed by 200-300 (one line - gentle washing) or select the delicate washing mode and set the speed to the minimum value (two lines - delicate washing).

The iconic method of describing the conditions for caring for clothes is convenient and rational. A small label allows you to know exactly how to wash, dry and remove stains from clothes in any situation. Having meaningfully read the signs and their decoding, you can be sure that your favorite clothes are under competent protection.

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Badges of the USSR and the technology of their manufacture

Badges in the USSR were mass-produced for almost every significant event or anniversary in the country, and in large series and circulation. They were dedicated to certain topics, for example, tanks, planes, the Ulyanov family, etc. However, they were often dedicated to minor events or even objects. Among them, of course, there are rare specimens, the price of which is quite high.

Various technologies are used for manufacturing, which to a certain extent affects the cost:

sunset
etching without enamel
etching with enamel
resin etching
resin filling.

As for sunset products, they are made in various shapes (square, round, oval) and are distinguished by a traditional fastening - a pin. An image is applied to the plastic base and covered with a waterproof film coating to provide protection from mechanical stress.

Copies made in the USSR by etching come in various shapes (from square to triangular). This method is rather complicated and time-consuming. First, the part that should be protruding is emulsified, then the product is placed in acid, and the uncoated areas are etched with acid. Then enamel is applied and the product is placed in an oven to dry. Next comes the resin coating for gloss. Among the advantages of manufacturing using etching is the transfer of the finest details to the metal.

Another manufacturing method is resin pouring. Often the most expensive badges have a brass base. In addition, unlike all the others, they are characterized by a flat shape. On the front side, the products are covered with a film with an image, then filled with polymer resin. The result is a lens effect that gives brightness and volume. Prices for such products are above average.

Of greatest interest among falerist collectors are expensive badges of the USSR, the cost of which is higher due to various factors. These include most of the products made of heavy metals until about the 50-60s. the last century. According to the price scale, it is customary to divide all copies into several groups (in ascending order):

very mass circulations (more than 10 thousand copies), having a simple execution
mass releases, but characterized by complex execution
rare badges of the USSR, but uninformative
expensive badges of the USSR, the price of which is high due to the interesting design and history, the availability of documents
very large in size products with complex design
the most expensive badge of the USSR, the price of which starts from 10 thousand dollars (a category with exclusive options).

The rarest badges of the USSR

In the list of rarities that can be categorized as the most expensive badges of the USSR, items produced before the Second World War stand out. For example, for the metal emblem of the Friends of Radio society, you can get from 10 thousand dollars. Copies called "Dobrolet" are also highly valued.

Looking at a specialized catalog, you can find out that small series are held in high esteem, designed to popularize the Society for the Promotion of Defense, Aviation and Chemical Production (Osoaviakhim). Similar products began to appear with the development of aviation. In 1926, a copy dedicated to the international flight to Angora from Paris was released, which became a real rarity.

In addition, the catalog of expensive USSR badges contains varieties of the 1930s, produced in limited series on equipment that has been preserved from tsarist times.

Good deals for you!