Many pregnant women often ask questions about whether it is possible to make love during pregnancy, what positions for love are safe, whether it is possible to use lubricant, and whether this will harm or benefit the child and expectant mother. The opinions of gynecologists on this topic differ, but in some aspects the experts are unanimous.

The benefits and harms of sex during pregnancy

Doctors at different times provided women in position with different information. Some said that having sex is strictly forbidden. Others, on the contrary, called for making love, arguing this with the following reasons:

• elimination of possible misunderstanding and dissatisfaction on the part of a man in case of abstaining from sex;
• raising the mood of a woman expecting a baby;
• normalization of the level of hormones in the blood.

Today, some gynecologists are of the opinion that sex is safe and healthy, while others believe that it can harm both the woman and the fetus. In this regard, obstetrician-gynecologists urge all women to be as aware as possible about the positive and negative effects of sex in order to avoid negative consequences. Sex is beneficial for a number of reasons, including:

• Normalization of the level of hormones in the blood. An important role in this case is played by the hormone of happiness - endorphin, which is produced in the human body. An increase in endorphin in the blood of a pregnant woman has a positive effect on her health. The baby also receives some of the hormone from the mother's blood.
• emotional factor. Sexual intercourse significantly improves mood. Most women are afraid that their man will start a relationship on the side. Of course, sex is not the main thing in a relationship, but its presence has a beneficial effect on the relationship between a woman and a man. The desire and calmness of a woman are beneficial to the child and pregnancy in general.
• Strengthening of muscle tissue. The muscles of the uterus tend to become stronger during physical exertion. Sex is the best workout for muscle tissue, making it stronger, thereby preparing for childbirth.
• Relaxation of the cervix. Prostaglandins are substances that have 20 carbon atoms and affect smooth muscle. Prostaglandins are found in seminal fluid and have an effect on the cervix, relaxing it.

Despite a significant number of positive aspects of sexual intercourse during pregnancy, they still have negative aspects. Reasons indicating the dangers of sex in position:

• miscarriages. With caution, you need to approach sexual intercourse for women who have previously had miscarriages. In most patients in this case, the muscles are smooth and in improper tone, and the cervix is ​​​​more relaxed than in other women.
• Isthmic-cervical insufficiency. This is a pathology that is a common cause of miscarriages and premature births. It is manifested by a decrease in the tone of the muscular ring of the uterus, which leads to the inability to withstand the load of the fetus (we recommend reading:). Sex in women with this deviation will cause bleeding.
• Multiple pregnancy. Sex with multiple pregnancy is uncomfortable and physically dangerous due to the large belly and increased risk of injury.

Contraindications to intimate life during pregnancy

Some women, despite their great desire, intimate life is prohibited. Sex during pregnancy is contraindicated in the presence of sexually transmitted infections in the female body. All diseases during sexual contact are highly likely to be transmitted to the child of a pregnant woman.

Sexually transmitted diseases:

• syphilis;
• chlamydia;
• mycoplasmosis;
• ureplasmosis;
• hepatitis B and C;
• cytomegalovirus;
• human papilloma virus;
• herpes simplex virus.

In addition to viral and infectious pathologies, pathologies of the pregnant woman and the fetus are an absolute contraindication to sex. These include:

• low placentation;
• high pressure from the fetus due to its growth and development, which leads to bleeding;
• placental abruption;
• reduced blood supply to the fetus due to lack of nutrients, energy and oxygen.

allowed positions for love

The Kama Sutra for women in position is very diverse. Informed and cautious patients in many cases get more pleasure from sex during pregnancy. Gynecologists recommend sleeping with your husband 1-2 times a week, while it is better to choose the most comfortable and safe places for making love.

What positions can be used during pregnancy to enjoy and not harm the baby? Sex during pregnancy should be with a person with whom a woman can relax as much as possible. Doctors recommend sleeping with a husband or a man whom a woman fully trusts.

Gynecologists advise using lubrication. Lubrication minimizes possible discomfort, stimulates gliding, increases sexual desire and enhances the impression of sexual intercourse.

Another issue that worries women concerns oral sex. Patients often ask whether oral sex can be satisfied or not. Some women turn to gynecologists with the question of whether cunnilingus can cause an embolism. The opinions of experts on this matter also differ, but most doctors say that this is impossible.

In the 1st trimester

In the first trimester, there are no special restrictions on the choice of positions, provided there are no contraindications to sexual intercourse. The only rule that a man must follow in the early stages is accuracy and tenderness towards his partner. Sudden movements in this trimester are prohibited. In the first trimester, a pregnant woman, as a rule, herself refuses to have sexual intercourse due to poor health.

In the 2nd trimester

The second trimester of pregnancy is the most favorable time for making love. Libido rises, toxicosis disappears, making women more sensitive. Patients even say that during this period they dream about sex almost every night. Poses for love in the second trimester (see photo):

• Woman on top, or "rider". It is loved by many for its safety and comfort. In it, the partners themselves control the speed and depth of penetration, as well as the direction of movement. In order to eliminate unnecessary physical stress on the body, it is recommended to use the forward-backward direction.
• Knee-elbow pose (more in the article:). The advantage is the minimization of stress on the back, which during pregnancy is the main load. You can be in this position, resting on your arms, elbows, chest. The variety of emphasis is a big plus. Men need to remember about accuracy and average speed of movement.

In the 3rd trimester

The third trimester should be approached with the utmost care and attention. However, sex during this period is just as important, including to facilitate the onset of childbirth and its course. Some of the most comfortable positions in the 3rd trimester include:

• Spoon pose. The classic spoon position is the most comfortable for women in the third trimester. The partner is located on her side with her back to the man, slightly bending her knees. The partner is behind the woman with bent legs. This position increases sexual sensations and sensuality, because the couple is close to each other.
• Side pose. A position in which the man kneels beside the bed and the woman lies on her side on the edge is a more comfortable option for men. The partner feels maximum relaxation and does not feel tension in the muscles.
• standing. This position is suitable for couples in which the girl will have a reliable support for her hands.

Yoga is a set of exercises for athletic women, and for women who have never practiced at the gym or at home. Postures during pregnancy can be adapted to changes in the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Poses help expectant mothers to stretch, strengthen and relax not only the body, but also the mind. With yoga, you can keep fit and prepare for childbirth.

1. Stimulates circulation by increasing blood flow.
2. Facilitates breathing and promotes better oxygenation of the unborn child.
3. Strengthens muscles and joints that prevent back pain.
4. Regulates the endocrine system.
5. Prepares the body for childbirth, strengthening the muscles of the lower abdomen, groin, inner thighs.

Yoga during pregnancy is a great way to improve your fitness and mood. It is necessary to seek the advice of an experienced trainer so that he chooses the right set of asanas for pregnant women for you.

If your pregnancy is going well, the yoga system is the perfect postures for you.

These exercises relax the body. Proper breathing during pregnancy helps relieve stress. The functioning of the whole organism improves, and more importantly, women become more resistant to stress and fatigue, gain self-confidence. But before you start practicing yoga, you need to visit a gynecologist for a consultation and to identify possible contraindications for performing this kind of exercise.

• Attention - listen to the voice of your body, breath and intuition, do nothing in spite of yourself.
• Consciousness is simply to remember. That you move and breathe with the child, you can feel for him, how he feels, how he moves.
• Natural breathing - always breathe freely and naturally, at your own pace.
• Freedom - to avoid dynamic and tiring methods that increase the heart rate and cause rapid breathing, let the movement be always conscious.
• Move with pleasure - it is better not to stick to a tense posture, you need to "go with the flow", enjoy the sensuality of movement.
• You can eat something light before exercise to keep your blood sugar stable.
• Pleasure - to receive grace and joy in movements, breathing and relaxation.

Rest - Always rest if required.

What not to do

1. Inappropriate asanas - avoid inverted positions and deep turns, jumping, practicing Mula Badhi (tension of the pelvic floor muscles) for more than one breath, warming up pranayama, and any postures that bring discomfort in the abdomen.
2. Don't lie on your stomach.
3. Do not lie on your back after 30 weeks (or when you are uncomfortable).
4. Rest lying on your left side.

How to practice yoga

It is best to practice 2-3 times a week at the same time. The best time is in the morning, right after waking up or before going to bed. Exercise during pregnancy should last between 20 and 60 minutes. But the session should start from 20 minutes for the body to adapt.

If you are one of those who have never practiced yoga, you should start with the simplest exercises that do not require preparation.

• Asanas for pregnant women should be practiced slowly, slowly, observing the reaction of the body.
• The rhythm of yoga exercises each expectant mother should adapt to herself.
• The position of the body is also important. If you are doing exercises on your back, make sure that your shoulders, arms, and buttocks are in good contact with the floor.
• During sitting exercises, the buttocks should be slightly tilted to the side. When assuming standing positions, the feet should be placed hip-width apart with the toes pointing inward. The foot is firmly planted on the floor.
• It is important to straighten your back and pull the shoulder blades.

For classes, you should choose a place and time so that no one interferes. You can play your favorite CD to help you relax.

Performing poses for pregnant women should begin with deep breaths taken from the diaphragm. Then lie down or sit comfortably. The next step is to relax the muscles. It is also important to draw in air through your nose to free your mouth. Breathe slowly, smoothly.

Types of yoga exercises for expectant mothers

In recent years, physical exercises from yogic complexes have been very popular. What are the best positions for pregnant women? Each pregnant woman can choose for herself the one that best suits her and pregnancy 3, 2 or 1 trimester.

Tailor's pose

Helps to relax the ligaments and joints of the muscles of the pelvic region of the thigh.

• Sit on the floor and straighten your back.
• Bring your feet closer to each other as close as possible.
• Relax your shoulders and neck. Breathe deeply.
• Relax your hips and hip joints. Press your knees to the floor.
• Maintain the pose for a few seconds.

Tree position

Promotes calmness and helps stretch the thigh muscles, improves balance and coordination.

• Stand straight and look at one selected point.
• Shift the weight of the body to the right leg, bend the left at the knee and rest the foot on the inside of the right thigh.
• Bring your hands together in namaste at chest level. If you have problems with balance, lean against the wall.
• Keeping focus on the chosen point, maintain the pose for a few seconds and then switch legs.

Relaxation of the pelvis

Helps relax the pelvic muscles.

• Get on your knees, lean on your elbows.
• Tighten the muscles of the anus, vagina and labia.
• Hold for a few seconds and relax them.
• Repeat the position about 15 times.

Squats

The exercise helps to expand the pelvis and the baby to take the correct position before childbirth.

• Take a standing pose with legs wide apart. Feet look to the side.
• Slowly bend your knees until you are fully squatted.
• If necessary, you can hold on to something with your hands.
• Fold your palms at chest level. Elbows and knees look apart.

cat's ridge

Designed to relieve pain in the sacrum.

• Get on all fours.
• Relax your neck by resting your head on your shoulders.
• Pull in your stomach and arch your spine.
• Count to 5 while maintaining deep breathing.
• Repeat the pose several times.

Round after round

Relaxes the muscles of the back and hips.

• Relax the muscles of the neck and shoulders, put your hands on your stomach.
• Breathe deeply.
• Lower your arms to your sides and slowly raise your hips (inhale), lower your hips (exhale).
• Repeat four times.

Strengthening the pelvic floor muscles

• Lie on your back, bend your knees.
• Squeeze your vaginal muscles and hold the pose for about 10 seconds.
• Repeat the exercise several times.

Time to rest

After completing the positions, you rest.

• Lie on your side with one leg bent.
• Pillows can be placed under the head and between the legs.
• Close your eyes and breathe deeply. Relax.
• Stretch slowly and stand up very slowly.

Exercise in the 1st trimester of pregnancy

Exercise during pregnancy is a great way to relieve some of the symptoms of pregnancy and improve well-being in the future. By doing yoga exercises regularly, pregnant women are less prone to stress and the development of gestational diabetes.

If a woman was active before pregnancy, nothing prevents her from exercising during pregnancy at the same level, only adequate exercise must be performed.

Calm postures during pregnancy, when performing asanas, heart beats should not exceed 140 beats per minute. If the expectant mother did not practice before pregnancy, she can start after consulting a doctor.

Exercise in the first trimester of pregnancy, when the embryo has not yet fixed, should not burden the pregnant woman physically in any way, should not lead to an increase in abdominal tension - this can provoke a miscarriage. Low intensity exercise is recommended. During the first three months, breathing and corrective posture exercises should be performed, as well as exercises for the arms and legs in a wide range. They should be performed from the very beginning of pregnancy, as proper posture reduces the load on the spine.

Exercise should be avoided, especially during periods during the first three months of pregnancy, so as not to promote miscarriage.

Examples of exercises that can be done during the first trimester of pregnancy

Exercise 1

1. A woman sits on a chair, stool or ball.
2. The palms lie on the hips and in this position performs head turns to the right and to the left.
3. Tilts the head back (inhale), forward (exhale).
4. Tilts of the head when turning to the left and then to the right.
5. Perform all movements slowly and carefully.

Exercise 2

1. Sit on a chair, stool, or ball with your legs wide apart.
2. Perform unclenching and clenching of the fingers, clenching and unclenching the palms into a fist, forcing the blood to circulate in the wrists, forearms and shoulders.
3. Raise your arms up in front (inhale) and lower them through the sides (exhale).

Exercise 3

The purpose of the exercise is to prevent drooping of the shoulders and rounding of the back.

1. Sit on a chair and spread your legs wide.
2. Put your hands behind your back, connect them bringing the shoulder blades together and pushing the chest forward.
3. Tilt your head back and inhale.
4. Exhale as you return your hands to the starting position.

Exercise 4

The pose strengthens the muscles of the shoulders and chest.

1. Sit on a stool or ball and spread your legs wide apart.
2. Fold your palms at chest height and press them firmly against you.
3. Exercise can be performed with the ball in hand.

Exercise 5

1. Sit on a chair.
2. Interlace your fingers in the lock and place them on the back of your neck.
3. Pull your elbows back.
4. Return to starting position.

Exercise 6

Sit on a stool, chair, or ball with your legs wide apart.

• Raise your arms up through the sides.
• Place your palms on the back of your neck and lift your shoulder blades.
• Raise your chest and tilt your head forward (inhale).
• Lower your arms through your sides and relax (exhale).

Exercise 7

1. Sit on a stool. Legs are widely spaced to the sides.
2. Raise your right hand, bend it at the elbow and place it behind your head.
3. Put your left hand behind your head, crossing with your right. The palms lie on top of each other.
4. Tilt your head back slightly (inhale), drop your elbow down and tilt your head (exhale).
5. Repeat the exercises by changing the position of the hands.

Exercise 8

1. Sit on the floor.
2. Straighten your legs.
3. Perform forward and backward bends.

Second trimester of pregnancy (4-6 months)

In the second trimester of pregnancy, you usually feel better than at the beginning, so exercising during this time is designed to relieve back pain and prevent the development of diabetes. In the second trimester of pregnancy, the center of gravity of the body moves forward. Such a silhouette creates an additional load on the spine and abdominal muscles. Often changes lead to pain in the sacrum and lower back - swimming during this period greatly relieves pain and unloads the joints.

Starting from the sixth month, asanas requiring lying on the back should be avoided. In this case, the uterus will put pressure on the portal vein, which makes breathing and outflow of blood from the lower extremities difficult.

Women entering their second trimester of pregnancy should remember the following principles:

• Before carrying out physical activity, you should consult a doctor.
• During training and after training, drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration.
• Practice in a ventilated cotton suit to prevent overheating.
• Practice is contraindicated in febrile diseases.

The proposed set of exercises should be done one after the other without a pause. Repeat 8-12 times each. After each round, take a three minute break. Practice at your own pace, listening carefully to your own body language.

Attach to them those that strengthen the muscles of the pelvic floor (walking back and forth on the buttocks), and to increase the elasticity and mobility of the hip joints (alternating leg movement).

Positions for the second trimester:

Exercise 1

1. Sit on a chair. Place your hands on your stomach around your navel.
2. Perform sitting with legs crossed or standing with legs wide apart.
3. Breathe in through your nose to accentuate your "big belly" belly.
4. Exhale through your mouth slowly drawing in and making a “small belly”.

Exercise 2

1. Stand facing the back of the chair.
2. Keep your hands on the back of the chair, stand straight.
3. Lower your torso while inhaling through your nose, focusing on the “big belly” and lifting your head.
4. Exhale through your nose, and make a "small belly", pull your head into your shoulders.

Exercise 3

1. Stand behind a chair with your hands on the back of the chair.
2. Place your feet on the outside so that your feet are firmly on the floor.
3. Bend your knees slightly so that they do not go beyond your toes.
4. Raise the right heel once, the left heel another time. Remember to keep your head at the same level.
5. Keep your head in one position.

Exercise 4

1. Stand behind a chair with feet 30-40 cm apart.
2. Turn your feet in opposite directions. Rest on the floor with the entire surface of the foot.
3. Sit down so that your knees stick out significantly from behind the back of the chair.
4. Repeat 5-6 times.

Exercise 5

1. Take a position lying on your back, hands on both sides of the body.
2. Bend your knees, feet firmly on the ground.
3. Alternately straighten the right leg first, then the left, perpendicular to the body.
4. Repeat the position 10 times on each side.

Exercise 6

1. Posture: lying on the back.
2. Put your straight arms behind your head.
3. Bend your knees, feet firmly on the ground.
4. Put your legs closed together once on the right side, one on the left side, turning the torso.
5. Repeat the position 2 times for 15 repetitions in two directions.

Exercise

1. Stand straight, feet shoulder width apart.
2. Bend your torso forward so that the palm of your right hand touches your left foot.
3. Return to starting position.
4. Repeat for the other half.

Third trimester of pregnancy (7-9 months)

For many pregnant women, the third trimester is remembered for fatigue and back pain. The problem can be alleviated by regular and not very intensive yoga classes. Benefit for health:

• stress reduction;
• reduce the risk of developing diabetes;
• reducing pain in the spine.

The most important at this stage are relaxation postures, which allow you to rest, relax and concentrate.

The 3rd trimester is also characterized by the fact that, along with the growth of the abdomen, the center of gravity of the body of the pregnant woman is greatly shifted. Wanting to maintain an upright position, the expectant mother constantly strains the muscles around the spine.

Exercises can be done with your feet or shoulders against a wall, which relieves the spine and helps maintain balance.

Exercise 1

Unloading the muscles around the spine.

1. Sit comfortably in a chair and lean back.
2. Take weights in your hands (maximum 0.5 kg). Slightly bend your elbows and lower down.
3. Tilt your head to the floor and slowly raise your arms to shoulder height and slowly lower.
4. Repeat the exercise 8 times in three sets. Take 4 deep breaths after each set.

Exercise 2

1. Sit on a chair with your back straight.
2. Hands bent at the elbows, place on the shoulders.
3. Make circular movements with your arms and shoulders. Hands up (inhale), down (exhale).

Exercise 3

Prevents pain in the lumbar region and increases the range of motion of the spine.

1. Sit astride a chair, put your hands on your hips.
2. Tilt your torso to the right side (left arm above head).
3. Lean to the left side (right arm above head).

Exercise 4

For stretching.

1. Get on your knees on the blanket.
2. Clasp your hands behind your back - lengthening your spine.
3. Open your chest, shoulders, relax your legs.
4. Focus on your breath.

Exercise 5

1. Stretching the inner thighs and perineum
2. Sit on the floor, bend your knees and spread apart.
3. Connect the soles of the feet to each other. Grab your feet with your palms.
4. Press your elbows on your knees (inhale), return to the starting position (inhale).

Exercise 6

1. Sit on a blanket with your legs crossed.
2. Focus on lengthening your spine.
3. Relax your knees, your hips.
4. Work with your breath, breathe evenly, quietly and calmly.

Exercise 7

1. Lie on your side. Place a blanket or pillow under your head and under your knees.
2. Relax, breathe calmly and evenly.

Attention

Before practicing yoga, you need to remember a few basic rules:

• Get permission from your gynecologist to practice yoga.
• During the pose, make sure that the breathing is normal, even and calm.
• Don't exercise after meals.
• Practice in a well-ventilated area or outdoors in comfortable, loose-fitting clothing.
• Avoid exercises with strong body stress: jumping, jumping. Strength training and weight lifting.
• Move from simple asanas to more complex ones. Choose a time of day when the temperature does not exceed 20 degrees.
• Always keep a drink on hand (chilled still mineral water).
• If any position or exercise makes you uncomfortable, replace it with another one.
• The most favorable position is sitting and lying on the left side and with support.

Pregnancy creates restrictions, but most families do not stop being sexually active. And although there are a number of contraindications, in most cases, correctly selected positions during pregnancy make sex safe.

When is sexual rest necessary?

You can not have sex in all cases when it is prohibited by the observing gynecologist.
- The ban is introduced in the presence of a threat of termination of pregnancy, low placentation, as well as in cases where a woman has a multiple pregnancy.
- It is better not to practice sex in the early stages of pregnancy during periods in which, if pregnancy had not occurred, menstruation would have to occur, and in all cases, sexual rest is necessary during the termination of previous pregnancies, if this has happened before.

The best positions for sex during pregnancy exclude pressure on the woman's stomach, there are actually not many of them. Which positions during pregnancy are right for you depends on many factors, such as the duration of pregnancy, the general condition and activity of the woman.

You will have to come to terms with the fact that your sex life will not be full in the coming months, but at the same time, excessive caution is not needed. A healthy pregnant woman often enjoys sex more than before pregnancy, and should not be perceived as a terminally ill person.

The best position during pregnancy is one that is comfortable for both and does not carry the risk of harming the baby.

Safe positions during pregnancy:

Pose woman in knee-elbow position, man behind. Many people love her at the usual time, but during pregnancy she does not tire the woman, prevents pressure on the stomach, and allows the man to completely control the situation. It is convenient to put pillows under the woman's chest, so you will be more comfortable.

Pose on the side, the man behind. Many find it intuitively, and it is she who is considered the safest. Do not lie on the right side, on the left side is preferable. In addition, this position is not tiring for a pregnant woman, and it allows for additional caresses of the clitoris and breasts. Usually they begin to practice it in the second trimester, when the tummy already significantly limits the possibilities.

Rider pose. This is probably one of the most famous sexual positions, practiced not only by couples in an interesting position. Many continue to practice it until childbirth, but it provides deep penetration, and for this reason should be used with caution. In addition, it requires a significant amount of activity of the woman and can lead to fatigue.

All other comfortable positions during pregnancy are variations of these three.
It's an oblique pose when the man is behind and the woman lies on her side, the position on the edge of the bed, which is a variant of the knee-elbow position, and some others.

Sex during pregnancy can be a lot of fun if you treat each other with understanding.

A man should remember that it is necessary to avoid deep penetration, rough breast caresses (this leads to the release of oxytocin and can provoke contractions), and you should not demand excessive activity from a woman.

At the same time, you should not treat her as if she were sick, she is healthy, and you will not interfere with the baby. During sexual intercourse, the child is reliably protected by amniotic fluid, a mucous plug in the cervix, he cannot be physically disturbed.

The only thing to avoid is positions with pressure on the abdomen, especially in late pregnancy, the position on the back and on the right side.

Listen to each other's desires and be happy.

As you know, pregnancy is divided into three trimesters. Each of them has its own characteristics and dangers, critical periods. It is believed that the third is the most difficult for a woman, because the child is already large, and childbirth is just around the corner.

third trimester

If the border of the first and second trimesters in obstetrics is quite clear - 12 weeks, then disagreements sometimes arise with the third. The generally accepted point of view is that the last trimester begins at the 27th week of pregnancy and continues until the very birth. Usually this moment comes in the period from 38 to 42 weeks.

However, some doctors consider the 27-28th week to be the end of the second trimester. However, this does not have a special effect on the course of pregnancy, especially since it is quite difficult to establish the exact period for a particular woman.

This doctor is helped by a modern method of examining expectant mothers - ultrasound. It is ultrasound that allows you to determine the gestational age, which is as close as possible to reality, because it takes into account many different parameters. Although ultrasound does not exclude the possibility of error, as it is a subjective method.

The third trimester has its own characteristics, which the expectant mother should be aware of. Among them are the most important:

• Child development
• Woman's body changes.
• Features of the diet.
• Drinking mode.
• Required physical activity.
• Nuances of intimate life.
• Likely dangers.
• Harbingers of childbirth.

Child development

In the third trimester, the baby is already quite big. Most of its organs are formed and can function independently. In this period, the influence of external factors on the development of the fetus is minimal.

For the mother, the list of medicines that can be taken in case of illness without fear of harming the child is expanding. Although there are some drugs that are dangerous to take in the third trimester, as they affect the formation of the fetal cardiovascular system. These include some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - for example, indomethacin.

The child in the third trimester is actively moving. The expectant mother must necessarily keep count of his movements. This will help her make sure the baby is okay. If suddenly the movements subside, it is necessary to inform the doctor about it. In most cases, it turns out that the child is just sleeping or resting. This is found out during the CTG - recording of the fetal heartbeats.

In the third trimester, he can already respond to the intake of glucose. If the expectant mother eats a bar of chocolate or drinks sweet tea, the child almost always responds to this with active movements.

After 28 weeks of pregnancy, as a rule, children survive even in case of premature birth, since most of their organs are able to function outside the mother's body.

Body changes

In the last trimester, body changes are most pronounced. At this time, the increase in body weight reaches its maximum. It is considered normal if it does not exceed 12-14 kg.

After 27–28 weeks of pregnancy, the expectant mother may complain of such discomfort:

1. Frequent heartburn.
2. Shortness of breath when walking and exertion.
3. Clumsiness of gait.
4. Excessive joint mobility.
5. Pain in the lower back.
6. Discomfort from especially strong movements of the baby, his jolts.

These manifestations are related to the size of the fetus. In the third trimester, it is quite large and occupies most of the abdominal cavity, squeezing the surrounding organs. This is what explains heartburn and a feeling of lack of air - shortness of breath.

Closer to childbirth, the body of a woman actively begins to produce the hormone relaxin, which increases the mobility of the joints. Its task is to prepare the birth canal for the passage of a child through them. However, all joints are involved in the process, and as a result, the woman begins to complain about their hypermobility, looseness.

This leads to impaired coordination and clumsiness of the gait. In addition, the displacement of the center of gravity also plays a special role in this. It entails aching pain in the lower back.

If the child moves and pushes too actively, especially in the hypochondrium, he can hurt the woman. In this situation, a change in body position, delicious food, and rest sometimes help.

Features of the diet

The 3rd trimester of pregnancy imposes certain restrictions on the diet of the expectant mother. First of all, she needs to monitor her own weight. This does not mean that a woman at this time should adhere to modern diets or starve. Food restrictions while carrying a baby are unacceptable.

However, in this situation we are talking about healthy food. The diet should be balanced in terms of the main components - proteins, fats, carbohydrates, dairy products. It is extremely important and daily consumption of vegetables and fruits, which are a source of fiber and vitamins.

During this period, it is important to consume less bakery products, cakes, pastries, pastries. These products contain a large amount of fats and easily digestible carbohydrates, which contribute to rapid weight gain. However, there is very little benefit from such food, except for gastronomic pleasure.

At this time, the diet of a pregnant woman must be present:

• milk;
• cottage cheese;
• kefir or yogurt;
• cereals;
• legumes;
• lean meats;
• fruits and vegetables;
• greens - dill, parsley;
• vegetable oil - sunflower or olive.

A balanced diet allows the expectant mother and child to receive all the substances and trace elements necessary for health, growth and development.

During pregnancy, iron and calcium are especially actively consumed, because first of all these microelements are sent to the fetus. Because of this, women after childbirth often suffer from iron deficiency anemia, their hair may fall out, their nails may break, their teeth are often affected by caries.

The drinking regimen is also important.

Drinking regime

It would seem that there are no restrictions on drinks during pregnancy. But in reality this is not so. Some of them are not recommended for the expectant mother. These include:

• coffee;
• green and black tea;
• alcohol in any form;
• energetic drinks;
• sweet sparkling water.

Coffee and various types of teas contain large amounts of caffeine. This alkaloid is able to increase efficiency, raise tone and mood. However, the abuse of caffeine entails an increase in blood pressure and increased heart rate. Such manifestations not only cause discomfort to the mother, but also worsen the blood supply to the fetus.

Alcohol is able to enter the child's bloodstream, but at the same time, the immature liver cannot neutralize it, and the toxic effect of alcoholic beverages is manifested to the maximum.

Energy drinks and sugary soda contain substances harmful to pregnant women. At this time, they should be completely abandoned.

• table water;
• herbal teas - for example, chamomile;
• juices;
• fruit drink;
• compote.

A special situation develops in women with edematous syndrome. Previously, the recommendations were unambiguous and categorical. Gynecologists demanded that the expectant mother significantly limit the amount of liquid consumed. Now the medical point of view has changed. A woman is advised to drink as much liquid as she wants.

But at the same time, one should not forget that it is in the third trimester that edema can be the result of preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a pathology of the third trimester. Previously, it was called late toxicosis. This syndrome includes the following symptoms:

1. Increase in blood pressure.
2. Swelling of the arms, legs and - in advanced cases - the whole body.
3. The appearance of protein in the urine (proteinuria).

Preeclampsia is classified as a very dangerous complication of the third trimester. Its outcome is sometimes the appearance of convulsions in a pregnant woman - eclampsia. In such a situation, only an immediate caesarean section can save the mother's life. But even with a successful operation, the outcome is not always favorable.

With gestosis, edema is not formed from the fact that a lot of water enters the body. It accumulates in the surrounding tissues due to impaired kidney function. Even with a pronounced edematous syndrome, a woman actually suffers from water deficiency. And limiting your fluid intake can lead to real dehydration.

With gestosis, treatment is carried out with the help of protein preparations. When the level of albumin in the body becomes sufficient, water ceases to accumulate in the tissues, and edema disappears on its own. Also, with this pathology, diuretics should not be used, since such therapy will only worsen the situation.

Physical activity

Body changes in the third trimester of pregnancy significantly limit a woman's physical activity. Excess weight causes pain in the back and lower back, a displaced center of gravity of the body is fraught with clumsiness of gait. At this time, even long walking leads to increased swelling, joint pain and excessive fatigue.

In addition, in the last months and weeks of pregnancy, the baby takes up more and more space in the abdominal cavity. This results in shortness of breath on exertion and frequent urination. The expectant mother at this time can visit the toilet every half an hour, which is not conducive to long walks.

But such difficulties are not observed in all pregnant women. Many, on the contrary, lead an active lifestyle until the birth itself, continue to work, and sometimes even play sports. However, you should not go to extremes.

What physical activities are possible in the third trimester? The following activities will be useful for the expectant mother:

1. Gymnastics at home.
2. Yoga and fitness for pregnant women.
3. Walking at a normal pace.
4. Swimming.

Some loads before childbirth should be completely abandoned. We are talking about extreme hobbies:

• climbing;
• rafting;
• skiing.

Since the expectant mother during this period suffers from a certain clumsiness, even with the best state of health, such a pastime is fraught with serious injuries for her. Running and cycling are also not recommended in the third trimester.

Physical activity should bring joy and not cause excessive fatigue. In addition, they should not be accompanied by pain in the abdomen, increased discharge from the genital tract.

intimate life

Is intimate life allowed or prohibited in the last trimester - this is perhaps the most exciting issue for both women and men. For future dads - especially, because within 6 weeks after childbirth, doctors strongly discourage sexual activity. And after this period, the newly-made mother is not always able to show due zeal in intimate life. That is why partners do not want to give up sex in the third trimester of pregnancy.

There are no restrictions on having sex at 27–40 weeks. Future parents may well continue their sexual life to the extent that they need. Moreover, during this period, many women note an increase in sexual desire. And sensations during sex often become more vivid.

However, a woman's pregnancy should still be taken into account in intimate life. In this position, not all postures and satisfaction options may suit her. In addition, there are certain medical contraindications for having sex.

They depend on the gestational age, pregnancy complications and concomitant diseases of the expectant mother. The gynecologist necessarily notes this at the next examination and recommends that the woman refrain from sexual activity. In addition, do not forget that sex is an excellent stimulant for the onset of labor.

Labor induction

Violent sex life is a stimulant for the onset of labor. This is known to doctors and many couples. Sometimes gynecologists even recommend using this method to bring the birth closer.

Sex and orgasm cause uterine contractions, which can lead to regular contractions and preterm labor. This usually happens after 38 weeks, when the pregnancy is full term. But sometimes there are exceptions. This option should be remembered and in the period from 27 to 38 weeks, try to avoid sexual excesses.

Ordinary sex life at this time cannot do any harm to both the expectant mother and the child. Therefore, it is allowed within reasonable limits and in the absence of medical contraindications.

Likely Hazards

The third trimester of pregnancy is considered safe enough for the development of the baby. At this time, the fetus is reliably protected in the womb. It is practically not affected by drugs and other external influences. However, it is in the last trimester that various complications of pregnancy can be observed.

Preeclampsia is quite common. However, in this regard, there is a serious concern of the doctors of the antenatal clinic. And thanks to frequent examinations and constant urinalysis to detect proteinuria, the development of this pathology does not go unnoticed. As a rule, complicated preeclampsia occurs only in women who refuse medical supervision.

However, in addition to this pathology, in the last trimester there may be:

• premature birth.
• Early rupture of amniotic fluid.
• Placental abruption.

preterm birth

Childbirth that began before 38 weeks is called premature, and such a child is premature.

In the third trimester, this complication can lead to:

1. Excessive physical activity, overwork, extreme sports.
2. Severe stress, psycho-emotional overstrain.
3. Taking medications that cause uterine contractions.
4. Premature opening of the cervix.

Preterm labor is easy to suspect. They are characterized by the appearance of contractions that do not disappear with a change in position, rest, taking antispasmodics - for example, No-Shpa.

If uterine contractions become regular and increase, this is a reason for emergency hospitalization. In such a situation, it is advisable to call an ambulance for transportation, as childbirth can be swift.

In most cases, premature babies are safely nursed. However, this does not mean that medical recommendations and restrictions should be ignored. A sparing regimen at a later date will allow you to carry the pregnancy without complications.

Drainage of amniotic fluid

One of the complications of the last trimester is the discharge of amniotic fluid in the period from 27 to 38 weeks. The tactics of doctors in such a situation are different.

The most appropriate measure for this complication is the prolongation of pregnancy. However, this is possible only in the case when there is no labor activity - uterine contractions and opening of the cervix.

With the outflow of amniotic fluid ahead of time, obstetricians recommend observing strict bed rest for up to 38 weeks, sanitizing the vagina, monitoring blood counts and the microflora of the cervical canal. In addition, regular monitoring of fetal cardiac activity (CTG) is necessary.

If there is fetal hypoxia, concomitant pathology in a woman, infectious complications, then doctors perform an operative delivery by caesarean section or stimulate labor with the help of drugs.

Placental abruption

A normally located placenta can exfoliate. Most often this happens in the last months of pregnancy. This pathology is always very dangerous and threatens both the life of the mother and the fetus. The following factors contribute to placental abruption:

1. Trauma (fall, blows, accident).
2. Preeclampsia.
3. Hypertension of the expectant mother.
4. Endocrine diseases.

That is why in the last trimester a woman should carefully monitor her health, pay attention to the slightest ailment and undergo medical examinations in a timely manner. It is also necessary to avoid sports and extreme physical activity, which are fraught with injury.

How to suspect premature placental abruption after 26-27 weeks of pregnancy? This pathology has two main manifestations - pain and bleeding.

Pain during detachment is usually acute, severe, accompanied by uterine contractions. It is necessary to think about bleeding with sudden weakness, dizziness or fainting, tachycardia, a drop in blood pressure, and a sharp pallor of the skin. In some cases, bleeding during placental abruption is external and it is impossible not to notice it.

In such situations, the expectant mother or her relatives should immediately call the ambulance team for emergency hospitalization, since only an immediate caesarean section can save both lives.

However, not all common manifestations in the third trimester are dangerous. At this time, most women have the so-called harbingers of childbirth.

Harbingers

The last trimester of pregnancy is characterized by special clinical manifestations, called harbingers of childbirth. These are body changes associated with the following factors:

• The growth of the fetus and its position.
• the action of specific hormones.
• Local processes in the cervix.

As the fetus grows, it begins to occupy the entire uterine cavity and, accordingly, the mother's abdominal cavity. In the upper part, the child presses on the diaphragm and stomach. This leads to heartburn and shortness of breath.

In the lower part, it squeezes the bladder, which is why a pregnant woman has to constantly visit the toilet. However, the closer the due date, the lower the child falls. Soon, his head begins to adjoin the entrance to the pelvic cavity. Visually, this will affect the body of a woman as follows:

1. Her stomach will drop down.
2. The gait will change, it will become more clumsy, waddling.
3. The posture will take on a characteristic appearance - with a high head and an elongated neck. This is due to the shift in the center of gravity.

In addition, the expectant mother will note the disappearance of heartburn and belching, as the pressure on the upper abdomen will ease.

In recent weeks, joint mobility will begin to increase due to the active production of the hormone relaxin. These changes will be noticeable both to the woman herself and to those around her.

Changes in the third trimester affect not only the uterine cavity, but also its cervix. The mucous plug that blocks the entrance departs on the eve of childbirth. It can stand out at once completely or gradually, in fragments. In the second case, this sometimes goes unnoticed by the woman. The passage of the mucous plug is a rather unstable harbinger of childbirth.

The third trimester requires the expectant mother to be especially attentive to her own health. Indeed, complications of pregnancy at this time can sometimes threaten two lives at once.

Let's say briefly: if the pregnancy passes without complications, then there are no obstacles to continuing sex during pregnancy. Obstetricians and gynecologists believe that in the absence of contraindications, sex during pregnancy is extremely useful: making love is one of the best ways to maintain and strengthen former intimacy. In any case, you need to remember that each trimester has its own characteristics, and it is important to know in what position to have sex during pregnancy.

Sex positions for pregnant women

In the first trimester, sex during pregnancy does not differ from the pre-pregnancy period, but in the second and third couples, you have to adapt to an actively growing belly. For example, from 12-13 weeks, experts recommend completely abandoning pregnancy positions in which a woman lies on her back: a heavier uterus can compress blood vessels and impede blood circulation, and as a result you will get dizziness, weakness and nausea. What to do if sex hurts.

Here are some comfortable pregnancy positions that doctors say are the safest for the second and third trimesters.

"Rider": the man lies or sits, the woman is on top.

• Pros: Nothing presses on the stomach, the partner herself controls the depth and strength of penetration.
• Minuses: In the last trimester, it is already quite difficult to actively move, and deep penetration, easily achievable in this position, can cause discomfort.
• Exit: Moving not up and down, but only back and forth - this will help reduce the physical stress that a woman experiences during sex during pregnancy.

Knee-elbow posture: woman on all fours, man behind.

• Pros: One of the most comfortable positions during pregnancy, which allows you to avoid even minimal tension in the back muscles. If your arms are tired, you can partially lie down, resting your chest on a padded pillow.
• Minuses: A man is easily carried away and increases the range of motion, which may not be useful for both the mother and the child inside.
• Exit: Tirelessly remind the future dad that he should be even more gentle and careful.

Pose of spoons during pregnancy: a woman with her back to a man, on her side.

• Pros: No unnecessary movements - one of the partners, if desired, may not move at all.
• Minuses: There are none, the main thing is to make sure that the man does not press his hand hard on the partner's stomach.

The woman, with her back to the man, either sits on his legs or lies on him.

• Pros: In this position, pressure on the stomach and strong shaking are completely excluded.
• Minuses: In the sitting position, the partner's hands and the woman's back actually tense quite noticeably.
• Exit: If you have problems with the spine, it is better not to tempt fate and immediately lie on the back of a man.

What to do if you do not want to have sex during pregnancy

Entrance denied

If the doctor does not recommend having sex, you should not take his words as reinsurance. Such a prohibition, as a rule, has serious physiological reasons: if the pregnancy proceeds with complications, then uterine contractions that occur during orgasm and active influence on the area close to the cervix can provoke bleeding and lead to the loss of the child. Then there is no longer a question about in what positions you can have sex during pregnancy - it is better to stop altogether for the time being.

In particular, sex will have to be abandoned:

• with a confirmed threat of miscarriage, as well as if the previous pregnancy (one or more) ended unsuccessfully;
• in the diagnosis of isthmic-cervical insufficiency of the cervix
• with placenta previa (high risk of placental abruption and subsequent bleeding);
• any vaginal bleeding or unusual heavy discharge;
• with multiple pregnancies (the doctor may recommend that you refrain from making love after 28 weeks).

oral sex during pregnancy

There is no unequivocal medical opinion about the dangers and benefits of oral sex during pregnancy, but most modern experts believe that if the mother feels well, there are no contraindications to it. To prevent infection, it makes sense for a man to pass the appropriate tests and exclude (or cure) all possible diseases.

I do not want and I will not!

Far from all pregnant couples, thoughts about sex cause great enthusiasm, but if a woman can explain the change in her moods and needs with hormonal fluctuations, then a man will have to be much more difficult - he must justify his unwillingness to have intimate relationships with his wife as correctly as possible. The main "excuses" on both sides usually lie in the "presence" of the caresses of the "third" (of course, we are talking about the baby), the "incredible fragility" of the pregnant body and the fear of "damaging something."

Why sex during pregnancy is good

If you have no medical contraindications, then sex during pregnancy can be very beneficial.

1. Intimate relationships can be a great alternative to fitness: sex is a rather energy-intensive process, which also includes stretching elements that are extremely useful for women.
2. During pregnancy, an enlarged uterus and displaced pelvic organs can impair normal blood circulation, provoke venous congestion and reduce blood supply to tissues. In the presence of other adverse factors (smoking, hereditary predisposition, sedentary work), all this can lead to varicose veins of the legs and even the small pelvis.
3. Many women are frightened by the tension of the uterus that appears after orgasm, but if it is not accompanied by painful sensations and passes within half an hour, there is no reason to worry. The uterus is a muscle, and it needs training, which just needs the right positions for sex, which are recommended during pregnancy: the ability of the uterus to contract will be very useful during childbirth. In full-term pregnancy, sexual activity is the best way to prepare for the process of childbearing.